Distribution Characteristics Of NonylPhenols In North Yellow Sea And Jiaozhou Bay Coastal Environment And The Ecological Risk Assessment

Nonylphenols are raw materials of the ionic surfactant Nonylphenol ethoxylates also its degradation products .They are toxic, persistent and bio-accumulative, even extremely low concentration can cause server effect . Much concern has been focused on their Distribution Characteristics in environment and their ecological risk assessment is of urgent need.This paper took nonylphenols as research object. A method was established and optimized which is suitable for seawater and sediments. Base on the established analytical method, the distribution characteristics of target compounds in environment matrices of North Yellow sea and Jiaozhou bay were studied. The effect of nonylphenol on alga was studied by laboratory experiments, Ec50 and NOEC were calculated by fitting methods of logistic curve. Base on the occurrence study, a primary ecological risk assessment of NP was attempted by the calculation of risk quotients. Main conclusions were as follows:â… . A sensitive analytical method which can determinate nonylphenol isomers by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in marine environmental samples was established. The water samples were extracted by solid phase extraction and sediment samples were extracted by soxhlet extraction. In the process of solid phase extraction, the eluention polarity and pH can mostly influent the recoveries. The experimental results indicated that he recoveries were high and stable in the condition of pH=3.0-5.0, CH2Cl2/CH3OH (V/V, 80:20). The GC-MS analytical conditions were determined. The standard of NP was determined under the selected chromatographic conditions, and the characteristic ions were selected by MS chromatograms. The water samples were extracted by Agilent ODS-C18 columns with the average spiked recoveries and relative standard deviations were 89.3%and 4.9% respectively; the sediment samples were extracted by dichloromethane, with the average spiked recoveries and relative standard deviations were 87.4% and 6.3% respectively. The various compounds isomers can get baseline separation under the selected chromatographic conditions.â…¡. Base on the established analytical method, the pollution status of target compounds in environment matrices of North Yellow sea and Jiaozhou bay were studied.The concentration of NP in Liaoning and Shandong Coastal water samples were 15.1-762.7 ng/L and 1.5-166.5 ng/L respectively. The concentration of NP in surface sediment samples were 9.2-380.5ng/g. the high values of NP presented in the he harbor, the river esturies for the emission of domestic sewages and .industry wastewaters.The concentration of NP in Jiaozhou bay water samples were from 23.6to192.9 ng/L. The concentration of NP in surface sediment samples was 103.5 ng/g in Moshui estuary and 11.9 ng/g in the bay. The nonylphenol concentrations in rivers estuary were much higher that in Jiaozhou Bay.â…¢. The laboratory experiments of nonylphenol effect on alga indicated that NP has the inhibitory action under certain concentration to five kind of algae's growths, although suppresses increased by the concentration. The Ec50 and the NOEC values were obvious different, the sensitive sequence was C. curvisetus > SkeLetonema costatum > P.pungens costatum > Dunaliella saLina > Platymonas helgolanidica.â…£. Ecological risk assessment of NP in North Yellow sea and Jiaozhou bay:The value of RQwater and RQsediment in the water and sediment of North Yellow sea were calculated as .05-2.11 and0.24-9.76 respectively. There were only 4 values of RQwater >1, but sixty percent of the RQsediment beyond 1.The risk of NP in sediment was higher than that in water. Harmful biological effects especially endocrine disrupting effects might happen to some invertebrates particularly the benthos.The value of RQwater and RQsediment in the water and sediment of Jiaozhou Bay was calculated as0.10-0.50and0.31-2.65respectively. The risk of NP in sediment was higher than that in water. Harmful biological effects especially endocrine disrupting effects might happen to some invertebrates particularly the benthos. This was similar to the North Yellow sea. .