The Estate And Research On Control The Evaporation Losses During Crude Oil Entrucking

The crude oil and its products are the mixture of manifold hydrocarbon compounds, and light component included in it has highly volatile, so unavoidable there are some parts of lighter liquid hydrocarbon gasifying on the link of storage and transportation ,blowing into atmosphere in result the oil losses. It not only results in the loss of oil quantity and the reduction of oil quality but also causes atmospheric pollution, endanger human health and compose the buried fire hazard in partial area. Therefore making efforts to reduce the oil and gas losses through evaporation is one of the most significant businesses in the construction of Chinese energy storage. Recently, as the energy saving, environmental protection and security problem have been increasingly regarded by our own country and countries abroad, there are lots of productions from the research of oil losses through evaporation, as well regulations and standards have been formulated from manifold such as a profession technology, environmental protection and resource recovery .However ,essentiality research on control technics of the crude oil losses during storage and transportation has not been carried out.The paper is aimed at the theory and experimental investigation of the oil and gas losses through evaporation during crude oil entrucking by railway transportation, based on mass transfer theory, quantitative calculating the quantity of the oil and gas losses through evaporation, using the crude oil tank truck's manhole SA and volatile oil gathering system to do field experiment about the test of quantity of the oil and gas losses through evaporation in West tank farm of Daqing oil field, at last combinating the technology trait of usually various oil and gas gathering methods to design an apparatus which control of oil and gas losses through evaporation during crude oil entrucking and oil and gas gathering. There is a finding indicates that losses through evaporation rate are 0.04%~0.06% during crude oil entrucking by railway transportation as same as refined oil losses through evaporation rate. The main affecting factors of losses through evaporation during entrucking including environmental temperature, the height interface line and the speed of oil entrucking. Chromatographic analysis shows that about 20% oil/steam are chiefly C4～C7 and the contend of normal paraffin hydrocarbons is higher than isomerized object. A tight entruckingt equipment has been designed to precipitous decrease losses through evaporation with the thought of entrucking under fluid and oil and gas gathering. Considering there are some conditionality elements in technology reform a simply and advisable technique burning the gathered oil and gas reutilization is proposed.