Study On The Calculation Of Ecological Footprint And The Analysis And Assessment Of Ecological Risk In Yulin District

The ecological state of a region is the results of influences from human being and nature together. The ecological security ensures to a region's sustainable development.Yulin district is situated in the north of Shaanxi province,which boundaried between Maowusu desert and loess plateau.As a result,the precipitation of the region is rare,vegetation being rare,soil being eroded and the natural calamity happening frequently.Meanwhile,the district locate in the argiculture and the animal husbandry crisscross area,where the natural resource is benefical.In recent years,the industrialization course of Yulin is accelerated with the construction of the energy and chemical industry,the increasing human activity have given a great influence on the ecological environment.The contradiction between the economic development and nature protection has become more and more acute.Under the pressure from huaman and natural ,the district's ecological environment become frailty and face the sustainable development problem.Therefore,study on the calculation of ecological footprint and analysis of ecological risk in Yulin district and put forward corresponding measures are very important to protece the district's sustainable development.This thesis based on the geography and ecology theory,make use of the ecological footprint method to calculate the ecological footprint(EF in short) of Yulin district.The resule shows that EF in the year of 1997,2001 and 2005 are 1.047946hm2/cap,1.165550hm2/cap and 1.866326 hm2/cap.The EF is growing up year after year and the extent increase more and more(from 1997 to 2001 increase 11%,2001 to 2005 increase 60.12%);Meanwhile,the ecological capacity(EC in short) shows the opposite rule:in the year of 1997, 2001 and 2005,the EC are 2.036859 hm2/cap,1.977902 hm2/cap,1.807088 hm2/cap.From 1997 to 2005,the EC decrease 11.28%;There was ecological surplus(ES in short) of 0.988913 hm2/cap in 1997 and 0.812352 hm2/cap in 2001.But the ES disappeared in 2005,and the ecological dificit is 0.059238hm2/cap.Based on the calculation of EF, analyse the ecological risk(ER in short) in Yulin district.Making the 12 countries as object, arming at drought,flood,soil erion ,desertification,coal mining,oil exploitation and gas exploitation,use the historic record,survey date and geographical information system to evaluate the single-factor ER.By means of weight average method to evaluate the whole district's ER,and classify the district to four area:the most risk area include Shenmu county and Fugu county,the more risk area include Jingbian county and Dingbian county,the normal risk area include Yuyang county,Hengshan county,Zizhou county,Wubu county and Jia county,the lighter risk area include Mizhi county,Suide county and Qingjian county.According to the current ecological state,trend of changes and exist risk,propose measure and suggestions for the land ecology construction to Yulin district: (1)exploit and arrang the reserved land resources,adjust the land use structure and allocat the resource;(2)chang the natural resource utilization,set up the resource intensivism modle;(3)control the population growth strictly and chang the consuming habits,build a resource-efficient society; (4)strengthen the ecology construction,improving the ecological environment.