Research On The Problems And Countermeasures Of Our Country's Government Environmental Management

Environmental protection is the source of sustainable development which is the only correct choice made by mankind. The field of environmental protection has become the main area of government intervention. At present, China's environmental pollution situation and ecological problems are rather serious with the long-accumulated unsolved environmental problems and the continuously-happened new ones. The government undertakes the increasingly important function of protecting environment which requires the government to exert the environmental administration functions and roles from different levels and perspectives and to make full use of the economic, legal and necessary administrative means to promote environmental management. Only through the continuous enhancement of the government's environmental management, can the harmonious development of economy, society and environment be realized. Through the analysis of the current situation the government is faced with and the major problems of environmental administration, the paper expounds the importance of enhancing the government's environmental administration under the new historical transforming age and discusses the ways to strengthen the government environmental administration functions and the concrete measures and countermeasures the government should employ to promote its implement.The paper mainly concludes four parts:Partâ… T he definition and functions of government environmental management The paper first makes clear that the environmental protection is an important function of government and expounds the meaning of government environmental administration in detail. Government environmental administration is an important aspect of the government administration upon all fields in the society, a major component of the administrative management of all levels of government and a reflection of the social functions of the government. According to the scope, environmental management can be divided into resources (ecological) management, regional environmental management and department environmental management; according to its nature, it can be classified into environment planning management, environment quality management and environment technology management. The means of government environmental administration includes the legal means, economic means, technical means, administrative means and educational means.Government environment administration is a complex and difficult project which needs not only the use of coercive measures, but also the exertion of regulative function of the economic means; not only the legislative and executive institution to ensure its implementation, but also the enforcement of the education on environment protection to improve the citizens'moral values and consciousness to join in the activities of protecting and improving environment. In essence, the obligations of government environment management lie in the planning, organization, direction, regulation and monitoring in terms of integrated decision-making, industry management and supervision and control on the part of environment protection according to the social demand in implementing the relevant national rules and regulations. The main duty of the government in environmental management embodies the micro-regulation and the macro-protection of the environment.Partâ…¡The necessity and importance of strengthening our government environmental managementIn the new era under the new situation, the CPC Central Committee and State Council put forward a new environment protection policies"The Three Historical Shifts": shift from attaching great importance to economic growth while ignoring the environment protection to paying equal attention to both of them; from lagging environment protection behind economic growth to developing them simultaneously; from referring mainly to the administration approaches to protect environment to using comprehensively the law, economy, technology and necessary administration approaches to solve the environmental problems."The Three Shifts"is the summary of many years'practice in environment administration, the objective and direction of environment administration and protection under the new situation and the new request put forward to the government environment administration. Strengthening the historical transformations is of great importance to the further enhancement of government environment administration. The government department should shift from using compulsory measures to using non-compulsory ones, from the single management by government to the diverse management of administrative bodies, from the arbitrary management to the standardized management.As a basic administrative function of our government environment protection, environmental management is not only an effective way to protect the environment, but to prevent the deterioration of the environment and keep sustainable development in economy as well. With the establishment and constant improvement of a market economy, the government's functions of strengthening the environmental management become more and more prominent. The government's strengthening the environmental management functions is the intrinsic requirement of environmental protection and the government's own functions, and it is also determined by the basic characteristics of the environmental issues in our country. China's large population, fewer resources per capita and the extensive economic growth mode have a great impact on the environment, which determines that the ultimate solution to the environmental problems in our country is to strengthen the government's environmental management.Partâ…¢The current situation the government is faced with and the major problems of environmental administrationWe must be soberly aware that China's environmental situation remains very serious, that the government is faced with severe challenges in environmental management, and that in some regions, environmental pollution and ecological deterioration have reached a very serious extent. In addition, the environment problem has become one of the four factors that affect the health state and cause death among the citizens. At the same time, environmental problems also lead to serious social crisis. Various environmental disputes increase day by day. Unexpected mass events caused by environmental issues are also on the rise.The reason why our country's environmental problems become increasingly serious is extremely complex. Apart from the ideological reasons, such as people do not correctly understand and deal with the relationship between man and nature and the economic and social development heavily depend on large-scale consumption of resources, a number of problems still exist in the government environment administration: First, we haven't established an environmental friendly government public management mechanism; Second, we haven't established a resource-conserving and environment-friendly model of economic growth; Third, our city governments are lack of public services for environmental protection and have not adapted to the requirements of the fast development of urbanization and industrialization; Fourth, we haven't correctly and clearly understood the relationship between economic development and environmental protection and the importance of environmental protection. The objective laws are not respected in the development and construction activities; Fifth, defects in environmental protection systems and policies in our country weakened the enforcement and supervision of the government environmental law.Partâ…£Main countermeasures to strengthen government environmental managementAccording to the environment protection tasks in the new era, to counter the environmental problems we are facing during this period of time and the drawbacks of the government environment management, we must intensify our efforts to strive for innovation in environmental management and take effective measures to promote the development of environmental protection.First, take system construction and the perfection of government duties as the crucial guarantee of strengthening government environmental management. On the one hand, government should make suitable and practical public policies to protect the modern ecological environment and administer the environmental affairs and inner affairs in the public management activities to solve the problems on public ecological environment, to provide public services and to maximize the benefit of environmental protection. That is to say, government should set up the management mechanism based on the present innovation of the system. On the other hand, government should strengthen the service functions and gradually perfect this system. In government environmental administration, the compulsory and un-compulsory means should coordinate each other and the standard management should be strengthened. Only when the government both restricts and encourages environmental protection through"the stick and the carrot"policy, can the source of pollution be cut off to realize the sustainable development. Second, improve the environment system and strengthen the mechanism of the government environment administration. To strengthen the construction of systems, government should implement integrated decision-making mechanism of the environment and the development, set up the performance evaluation system for the leading cadres, enforce the responsibility system of government environmental protection target and strengthen the inspection of the implementation of environmental protection. Third, make use of the integrated economic means and establish a stimulus mechanism of the government environment protection. The rational use of economic means is an essential link to promote"The Three Historical Shifts"in the government environmental management. Set up a system of environmental economic policies, laws and regulations to regulate the development, utilization and protection of the environmental resources through pricing policy, environmental taxes and charges policy, investment and credit policy, micro-incentives means and micro-economic accounting system. Fourth, strengthen the legal means and promote the government environment administration through the innovation of the legal system. Legal and administrative means are important limitations and safeguards to promote the government environmental protection and are important means to regulate government departments, enterprises and the public code of conduct. It not only requires extensive use of legal means to implement environmental management, but also requests that all environmental management means, such as the administrative and economic ones should be incorporated into the legal track. Fifth, further advance the transparency of the environment information to the public and enlarge the public participation. Sixth, strengthen the publicity to environment to a greater extent and mobilize all the citizens to actively join in the environment protection, so as to form a powerful social force to monitor the illegal actions.