An Experimental Research On Catalytic Pyrolysis Of Municipal Solid Waste

Owing to the shortage of energy and resources all over the world and the emergence of different utilization of municipal solid waste (MSW), in recent years, the traditional waste disposal such as simple collection and direct burying have been gradually substituted by some new methods which not only can restrain the yield of trash but also can effectively utilize waste as one kind of resource. By introducing the domestic and overseas disposal status of MSW, and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of some disposal methods, such as landfill, compost, incineration and pyrolysis, it is proved that the pyrolysis technology is one of the most important MSW disposal technics with little secondary pollution, quite innocuity and high reusability. For lack of research on pyrolysis characteristics, many pyrolysis systems of MSW are operated under non-optional conditions.To simulate the pyrolysis characteristics of industrial facility, an externally heated catalytic pyrolysis furnace was built. Experiments were carried out using MSW as the testing materials. The influences of parameters such as temperature, components of MSW, heating manner, steam and catalyst were experimentally investigated, and the production distribution, the gas characteristics, the pyrolysis gas quality, the characteristics of the pyrolysis tar and residual char were analyzed. The results showed that as the increasing pyrolysis temperature from 600℃to 900℃,the yield of pyrolysis gas increased, and the yield of the pyrolysis tar and residual char decreased accordingly. The main components of pyrolysis gas were carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide. The contents of CO and H2 increased whilst that of CH4 and CO2 in gaseous components as the pyrolysis temperature increasing or introducing steam. The pyrolysis gas calorific value didn't ascend along with rise of the pyrolysis temperature. A high heating rate was more advantageous than a low heating rate. As a kind of cheap catalyst, dolomite has good effect on pyrolysis of MSW for enhancing the yield of gas and decreasing the content of tar.