| Sustainable development is a very important topic in modern world, countries have multiplied their efforts to search for new material and power source. The exploitation of plant oils is one of the important directions. The plant oils have many advantages : for example, abundance in amount, low cost and the richness of chemical active sites and so on. So for a long time, the plant oils have been taken into research and utilized for many purposes, like coating, adhesive, lubricant and so on. Among these, soybean oil is the most widely used. Soybean oil is a biodegradable vegetable oil dominating today's food oil market, though only a small portion is used in the industry, it still has covered many aspects of modern life. With the development of scientific technology, the potential of soybean oil will be infinitely amplified.In this paper, the possibility of developing soybean oil into a series of products is deeply researched. As a result, epoxidized soybean oil(ESO), acrylated epoxidized soybean oi(AESO), maleinated acrylated epoxidized soybean oil(MAESO) were obtained respectively. AESO and MAESO have the ability of curing by UV light, with the long aliphatic chains, the cured-resin show good flexibility, which has overcome brittleness many UV-cured material countered.1. The synthesis of epoxidized soybean oil(ESO): Storng-acid cation exchange resin as catalyst, the best experimental condition was gained by designing two orthogonal layouts: the amount of acetic acid was 20%(based on the amount of soybean oil), hydrogen peroxide was 60%, storng-acid cation exchange resin was 8%, the reaction time was 8 hours, in this situation the epoxy value of the resulting product was 6.60. Meanwhile, the replacement of acetic acid by formic acid was studied, the best condition was gained too: the amount of formic acid was 10%(based on the amount of soybean oil), the reaction temperature was 50℃. Besides, experiments were also carried on to find out the best conditions of bleaching process: reaction temperature was 60℃, the amount of hydrogen peroxide was 30%(based on the amount of soybean oil), sodium hydroxide was 10%. In this condition, the color of the product was the lightest and the loss of epoxy value was limited. Finally, the construction of the product was confirmed by ~1HNMR and FTIR.2. The synthesis of acrylated epoxidized soybean oil(AESO): by reacting with the acrylate acid, the epoxidized soybean oil gained the ability of UV-curing. With the cooperation of tetrabutylammonium bromide and triphenylphosphine(PPh3), the resulted product was gained within a short time, exhibiting lightest color. This is one of innovations in this work. The reaction temperature was discussed, too. It was found that 120℃was the optimum temperature for the reaction. ~1HNMR and FTIR were used to confirm the structure of AESO. In the last section of this part, with a small amount of photoinitiator, the product could be cured in a short time by the UV light. The cured films exhibited good flexibility and brilliant surface performance, which greatly fit the demands of UV-cured coatings and inks.3. The synthesis of maleinated acrylated epoxidized soybean oil(MAESO): maleic anhydride was induced to the matrix of soybean oil by reacting with the hydroxide group. The resulting product could be dissolved in the water after being neutralized by organic amine. The relationship between maleic anhydride and water-solubility was studied: with 17.3wt%(based on the amount of AESO) of maleic acid, the MAESO would be dispersed in the water. Experiments also showed that the conversion could reach 95% in 2 hours with the catalysis of tetrabutyl titanate. As the same as AESO, MAESO could be cured in a short time with the addition of photoinitiator, showing better performance than AESO because of the increasing density of double bond in MAESO. MAESO could be applied in the field of water-soluble coatings and inks, greatly fitting environment-friendly, energy-saving and effective topics nowadays, which will have promising future. |
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