Study On The Pollution Characteristics Of Airborne Fine Particulate Matter (PM10 And PM2.5) In Jinan

PM₁₀ is the primary pollutant of atmospheric environment of our country now. Especially the PM₂₅ that the aerodynamic diameter is less than 2.5gin exceeds standard seriously in many large and medium-sized cities of our country.Now,this situation has attached great importance to domestic and foreign government and research department.This paper chooses ten pollution sources that contain the resuspended dust,soil dust,the yellow river sand,construction dust,vehicle exhaust dust,coal dust, demolition waste,steel dust,road dust and cooking dust to be treated as emissions sources of airborne fine particulate matter of Jinan and determine the physical properties and chemical properties of all kinds of samples respectively.We use the dry methods laser particle size analyzer and SEM-EDX to determine the physical properties that contain the particle size distribution and Morphology of pollution sources samples of airbome fine particulate matter of Jinan and so on.We can "know that the ds0 of coarse particles of yellow fiver sand is the largest and the d₅₀ of coarse particles of the raised dust is the smallest.The specific surface area of the resuspended dust is the largest and the specific surface area of yellow river sand is the smallest.At the same time,we have determined the physical properties,such as real density, moisture content,wet properties and so on.We use ICP-AES to determine seventeen inorganic elements of coarse and fine particles of the pollution sources samples that include Na,Mg,Al,Si,K,Ca,Sc,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Pb.We use the Ion Chromatography instrument to determine Cl^-,NO₃^-and SO₄^2-.We use Carbon Analyzer to determine TC and OC of coarse and fine particles.The result shows that all of the inorganic elements,ion composition and carbon components of coarse and fine particles are different.We use the RAAS-400 Four-channel membrane particulate matter sampler that produced by Anderson company of USA to collect environment receptor samples. The seasons that collect samples are divided into heating season(November-March of the following year)and non-heating season(April-June).We use the wide range of particulate matter particle analyzer that made by MSP company of USA to measure the concentration of the particles' number that the Particles' aerodynamic diameter ranges from 10nm to 10gin.Its distribution of the spectrum of particles is that aerosol particles mainly centralize at accumulation mode(0.1-2gm).The maximum appears in the vicinity of 0.4-0.6gin.This illustrates atmospheric particles of Jinan mainly exist as the forms of PM_2.5 in the air.The SEM-EDX morphology of fine particles of environmental receptors mainlv includes soot aggregates,coal-fired fly ash,mineral particles,and biological particles and so on.Commonlv found in the soot aggregates, they are regular spherical particles.Through the determination of chemical properties of environmental receptors,we set up composition spectrum data of fine particles in ambient air of Jinan.The general trend of chemical ingredients of environmental receptors are consistent in heating season and non-heating season and the content of spectrum ingredients of heating season are more than the content of spectral ingredients of non-heating season.The pollution of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 shows temporal and spatial distribution properties.In different monitoring sites,the concentrations of particles are different.The different sample seasons has the different pollution concentration.The pollution in heating season is more serious than that in non-heating season.The average hour changes of concentrations of pollutions appear bimodal pollution status in Jinan.Finally,the pollution control measures were proposed.The first thing what we should do is that we must know the sources of particles,particle size distribution and the features of spatial and temporal distribution in ambient air of Jinan.The prevention and cure of the resuspended dust and motor vehicle exhaust dust is the focal point of the prevention and cure of fine particles pollution in Jinan.So,this subject research has the vital significance to the prevention and cure of fine particles pollution in ambient air of Jinan.