Study On The Wetland Ecosystem Service And Eco-compensation Of Poyang Lake Based On Community

Wetland ecosystem has strong provisioning,regulating, cultural and supporting functions, not only provide various resources for human life and production ,but also great ecological function and benefit.it is the basis for human survival and the development of social economy.Poyang lake is the largest freshwater lake in china, having huge ecological,economical and social benefit. As a result of the population, economy and resources, wetland ecosystem in Poyang Lake degenerates unceasingly, which is harm to the local community and individual health and well-being. In order to solve these problems, the central and local governments have taken many measures and launched a series of projects to restore and improve wetland ecosystem, but results are not ideal. How to make the ecological environment and community development achieve a win-win situation through eco-compensation is a problem which is worth discussing.In this paper, based on the analysis of wetland ecosystem services, 12 villages from Nanji wetland Nature Reserve in Xinjian County, Shahushan Poyang Lake Wetland Ecology Protectorate Administrative office in Xingzi County , Lianhu and Youcheng countryside in Poyang County are selected as the study area, using questionnaire to investigate farmer's perception of flood regulation,fishery products,plant products, fiber and fuel, weather regulation,biodiversity,water purification, fresh water and tour & recreation in the wetland ecosystem services of Poyang Lake. According to the data and information from survey, used the description statistics and the logic analysis of the SPSS to understand farmers'perception of ecosystem services, the influence factors, spatial differences and reasons. Results show that farmers have more profound understanding of weather regulation, biodiversity, fishery products, water purification, plant products, tour & recreation etc. Farmers from different areas perform differently on the importance of tour & recreation, fiber and fuel, fishery products, plant products. The main factors for farmers' perception are: gender, age, livelihood and income, such as: men have more profound perception than women; farmers between 30 to 50 have more profound perception than others; fishermen and peasant have more profound perception than others; less income, more profound perception on ecosystem services.Based on understanding the concept, principle and content of Eco-compensation, through the questionnaire survey ,understood the existing policies,effect of compensation, and compensation wishes .According to the survey and data, using the conditions of the value of assessment , the opportunity and cost method and valuation of ecosystem services to identify that compensation for famers who returning the field is 800 yuan per mu based on the loss of protection, professional fishermen is 4000 yuan per household during closed seasons ,compensation for farmers is 2,500 yuan per household because of grazing closure. Compensation from biodiversity,tourism and water purification is 2215 yuan per mu.all beneficiaries should make compensation for ecological compensation, therefore the main sources of funding are international agencies (International Fund for Nature and ecological projects and NGO organizations),the central financial subsidies (financial transfer payment),local businesses, banks and other financial institutions,and domestic private capital; compensation approaches are mainly financial compensation, in-kind compensation, compensation policy, intellectual compensation and program compensation; to involve community into the eco-compensation, the development of the implementation of ecological compensation conditions and safeguards.