Study On Fiber Performance And Spinning Of Ramie Fibers Degummed By Biological Treatment

At present,traditional chemical degumming was the major method in the industrial production of ramie degumming,but it had the problems of high cost,high energy consumption, serious pollution,fiber damage,etc.Now we pay attention to green and environmental protection, research and industrial application of ramie bio-degumming become very important.The ramie fibers degummed by biological treatment were soft and curly,the spinning and weaving process were easier,and quality of yarns and fabric were improved.At the same time,the pollution and cost were significantly reduced,so ramie bio-degumming had a broad development and achieved industrial production in some ramie plant.In this paper,the ramie fibers degummed by biological and chemical were compared from chemical constituents,physical properties and microstructure.This work aims at controlling the process of degumming and spinning better by analysis and discussion of biological degummed ramie fibers' property and spinning performance.Factory ramie degumming process was known; chemical degummed ramie fibers were obtained in the laboratory through a certain amount of experiments;the two degummed ramie fibers' property were tested;the two degummed ramie fibers were spinning and the spinning performance were discussed;the social and ecological benefits of bio-degumming was analyzed;advice of bio-degumming ramie fibers' quality assessment was proposed.Through the analysis of the study,this text concluded that:(1) Biological degummed ramie fibers' chemical composition concluded wax 0.97%, hydrotrope 0.56%,pectin 0.90%,semi-cellulose 2.16%,lignin 0.55%;chemical degummed ramie fibers concluded wax 0.37%,hydrotrope 0.22%,pectin 0.95%,semi-cellulose 2.08%,lignin 0.37%;this two fibers' gum were 3.9%and 2.73%.So biological degummed ramie fibers' chemical composition and gum were higher than chemical degummed ramie fibers',however,it could meet the quality requirement of ramie spinning process.(2) Biological degummed ramie fibers' strength was higher,flexibility and crimp elasticity were better than chemical degummed ramie fibers',were increased by 10%or more; through the photo analysis of the fiber's vertical surface,found that there were some residual gum on the surface of bio-degumming fiber,which appeared rough,while chemical degumming fiber's surface appeared relatively smooth.(3)The hard fiber content of bio-degumming fibers was higher than chemical degummed fibers,this hard fibers could be separated by hand in the test process.They were also separated easily in the carding process,so these hard fibers were temporary and little impact on production.(4)The rate of moisture absorption and release of the two kinds of degummed ramie fibers were almost the same,but bio-degumming fibers' regain balance was lower than chemical degumming fibers',absorption regain balance were 6.57%and 7.60%,release regain balance were 7.38%and 8.50%.X-ray diffraction analysis showed that bio-degumming fibers' crystallinity was 79.37%,degree of orientation was 93.2%,and chemical degumming fibers' were 78.80%and 90.0%,bio-degumming fibers' crystallinity was slightly larger than chemical degumming fibers', this was the reason that bio-degumming fibers' regain was lower than chemical degumming fibers'. (5) In the infrared spectrum,there were appeared weak absorption peak of 1640cm^-1 at chemical degumming fibers' spectrum because of -C=O bond's oxygen atoms with water molecules' hydrogen atoms formed a hydrogen bond,due to moisture absorption of the fiber. While the weak absorption peak didn't appear at bio-degumming fibers' spectrum,may be due to the biological role of the consumption of water,or the treatment of biological degumming was mild,the original structural damage was small,this was consistent with bio-degumming fibers' crystallinity was larger than chemical degumming fibers',amorphous zone was less,moisture absorption was smaller,regain was lower.(6) Factory production practices showed that,the number of ramie neps was reduced by 41.54%and finished product rate was increased by 1.5%of bio-degumming fibers in the carding process,especially in the spinning,the end breakage rate was reduced by 12%than chemical degumming fibers,the amount of workers stand,labor productivity and yield were improved.(7) The critical twist factor of biological and chemical ramie yarn was 90 and 80, biological ramie yarn's evenness and hairiness were better than chemical ramie yarn.The yarn performance and structure changed with twist factor,the breaking strength and elongation increased first and then decreased with twist factor increased,the hairiness decreased with twist factor increased and the evenness changed little.(8)By comparison of raw jute,water,steam,electricity,auxiliary materials and bacteria cultivation,concluded that production of per ton bio-degumming fibers could reduce 839 yuan (tax price),so the economic is obviously if the use of biological degumming replace chemical degumming.(9) In environmental pollution,the use of biological degumming could reduce pollution, water consumption and discharge of waste water were reduced,harmful substances in waste water were greatly decreased,effluent color was decreased,and the difficulty of sewage treatment was reduced.(10) By analyzing the impact of residual gum,whiteness and hard fiber on spinning, advice was proposed to modify the ramie standards,the original method can't be used to test the rate of residual gum,whiteness can be removed,and hard fiber can be included and develop a clear assessment method.