Analysis On The Utilization Status Of The Main Solid Wastes From Iron And Steel Industry

The comprehensive utilization of the solid wastes produced in Chinese iron and steel industry is arduous for its enormous output and widespread producing area. In this paper, the types, output, production area distribution, formation process, physical and chemical propertities and also the utilization method of the solid wastes produced in iron and steel industry of China was analysed to understand the utilization status of these solid wastes well, the key factors which restrict the resource utilization of these solid wastes were put forward and the detailed countermeasures and suggestions were given.The results indicated that the main solid wastes from Chinese iron and steel industry included waste rock, iron ore tailings, blast furnace slag and steel slag, which mainly produced in East China, North China, Northwest China and Middle South China. The comprehensive utilization ratio of iron and steel industrial solid wastes in China was much lower than that of developed coutries (such as Germany and Japan).The key problems that restrict the comprehensive utilization of iron and steel industrial solid wastes were as follows:(1) the generating situation of the waste rock and iron ore tailings was not clear, and detailed statistical data was absent; (2) The fund for developing new utilizing technology of these wastes from the government and enterprises was not enough; (3) Effective guiding and motivating policies were rare; (4) Production technologies of some enterprises was poor which caused the qulity of iron ore tailings and steel slag was not good; (5) The system of the resource utilization was simplex and high added valued products were in shortage; (6) It was hard to find effective approach to utilize some tailings for their special properties.To resolve these problems, some recommendations were made as below:(1) Special funds, relevant laws, regulations and policies should be established by the government, and the guidance and motivation for the enterprises should be strengthened; (2) New technologies, processes and equipments should be introduced to enterprises, and the organization and management should be improved; (3) The research institutions should focus on developing the large amount utilizing and low-cost practical technology, industrializing of high value-added products of blast furnace slag and the research on utilizing the special slags, as well as developing new technology and equipments to minimize the amount of f-CaO content, and enhance the activity of steel slag, which are helpful to increasing its consumption in building materials. At the same time, more attention should be paid to the research of develping high value-added products, such as minicrystal glass, fertilizers, and so on.