Study On The Water Resources Ecological Footprint In Shangdong Province

The problem of water shortage in Shandong Province of China has become increasingly prominent owing to the infection of natural element and human factors. Shandong Province is located at longitude 114°48'-122°41' E and latitude 34°22'-38°11' N, and the climate is temperate monsoon climate. The rainfall is less and the annual precipitation is 679.5 mm, and the annual average water volume is 30.306 billion m3. This condition causes the shortage of water resources. The per capita possession of water resource is 334 m3 which is less than 1/6 of the national per capita possession, and only 1/25 of the share of the world average. The water pollution is serious and also causes quality water shortage. Currently, the water quality of most rivers in Shandong Province is worse than classⅤ. Over-exploitation of groundwater formed a cone of depression in coastal areas, thereby leading to seawater intrusion. Under the combined effect of the resource water shortage and quality water shortage, water crisis has become a bottleneck restricting of sustainable development in Shandong Province.After ananlyzed the freshwater's characteristics, based on Wackernagel' EF model, the seventh account is studied, defined and summarized the three u crucial parameters, at the same time, the calculation methods for freshwater also are definded.We analyze the sustainable utilization of water resources in Shandong Province by the method of water resources ecological footprint. For comprehensive calculation of water resources ecological footprint better in Shandong Province,water resources ecological footprint was divided into three water resources accounts: aquatic products ecological footprint(freshwater products), fresh water ecological footprint(domestic water, industrial water, agricultural water, other water) and water pollution ecological footprint(water for dilting the wastewater which do not reach the standard and rain water ). We established models of ecological footprint and ecological capacity, calculated the water resources ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity, then comparative analysis the utilization of water resources in Shandong Province from 2000-2009. and we also calculated the water ecological footprint and ecological capacity in Jinan from 2002-2008;The results show that:(1)In the last ten years the water resources ecological footprint per capita has changed weakly, the overall trend is upward. The water resources ecological footprint per capita of 2003 is the smallest, 0.7555hm2/per;The water resources ecological footprint per capita of 2007 is the largest, 0.8556 hm2/per;(2) In the last ten years the water resources ecological deficit has changed weakly, the overall trend is upward. The water resources ecological deficit of 2003 is the smallest, 0.5045hm2/per;The water resources ecological deficit of 2002 is the largest, 0.799528 hm2/per;(3) In the last ten years the water resources ecological footprint per 104 yuan GDP has decrease gradually, it shows that the utilization of water resources in Shandong Province has Increased gradually, the economic growth is not depended on High water.(4) In the last ten years the frequency and amplitude fluctuations ecological footprint of acid rain is large, the water ecological footprint per capita of acid rain of 2003 is the smallest, 0.025 hm2/per;the water ecological footprint per capita of acid rain of 2005 is the largest, 0.11 hm2/per;The ecological footprint of acid rain in Jinan is zero from 2002 to 2004, so there are very few cities in the acid rain(5) The dynamic of fresh water fishes ecological footprint and agricultural water ecological footprint are the greatest contribution to the water resources ecological footprint. The largest proportion is agricultural water ecological footprint in 2002, is 41.25%;In 2003 The largest proportion is fresh water fishes ecological footprint, is 45.09%. The dynamic of fresh water fishes ecological footprint and agricultural water ecological footprint are also the greatest contribution to the water resources ecological footprint in Jinan.Finally, the water resources ecological footprint in Shandong Province is compared with other provinces and cities, the results shows that: First, there are large differences between the water resources ecological footprint and the water resources ecological carrying capacity, there are little directly linked between the size of water resources ecological footprint and the water resources and local water resource. Second, Compared with other regions, the ecological deficit of water resources in Shandong Province is larger, water use efficiency is low; Therefore, for the mast utilization of water resources, we make a reasonable allocation of water resources.