Study On Preparation Of High-Quality Activated Carbon From Apricot Stone

Activated carbon is an important adsorbent, and is extensively used in industry such as environmental protection, chemical industry, food processing, pharmaceutical processing, and military chemistry etc.The activated carbon (AC) is prepared from Apricot Stone in Xinjiang by microwave radiation and chemical activation. The effects of the kinds of activating agent, microwave power, microwave time, activating agent concentration, solid-liquid ratio, activation temperature and activation time on adsorption properties of activated carbon were systematically studied. The morphology of AC is observed by scan electric microscope. Through the single factor test and the response surface method , the optimum condition of preparing AC with Apricot Stone by the activation of ZnCl2 was obtained: activation temperature was 600℃, activation time was 90 min, solid-liquid ratio was 1:3,zinc chloride concentration was 50%,microwave power was 700W, microwave time was 7min. Under the condition, its methylene blue adsorption value and the iodine adsorption value were 20.0mL /0.1g and 1670.25 mg/g respectively.Activated carbon used in color removal was regenerated with solvent. The kinds of regenerated agent and its ratio, microwave power, microwave time of the process have been investigated by the single factor test and orthogonal test.The experimental results indicated that: 9% NaOH, 1:25 of the ratio, 700W of microwave power and 9 minutes of microwave time. Its methylene blue adsorption value and the iodine adsorption value could be measured up to 87.50%and 85.06% of the original one.The surface oxidation modification of the activated carbon from Apricot Stone was studied. The influencing factors, such as the kinds of modifier and its ratio, modifier concentration, modification temperature and modification time were discussed on the acidic groups of AC. FT-IR were exploited to determine the change disciplinarian of surface functional groups during modifying. The results showed that, the surface acidity groups of activated carbon increased considerably, especially the concentration of carboxyl groups and the most optimum modified conditions were as follows: 20% HNO3, 1:10of the ratio, 70℃of modification temperature and 2h of modification time. However, the adsorption properties of modified activated carbon declined in a way.The adsorption of heavy metal ion using the Apricot Stone-based activated carbon as adsorbent was studied. Taking Cu(Ⅱ) for example, the results showed that the activated carbon has excellent absorption capacity when 100mL solution pH7, the amount of 0.20g of activated carbon, the time of 60min. Based on this results, The removal of Pb(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) were analysis, The removal rate of Pb(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) reaches 98.69% and 96.74% respectively.The simulation test of Apricot Stone-based activated carbon in medical mask was studied. In comparison of AC adsorption and mask marketed, the application of active carbon in medical masks was determined. The adsorption capacity of different fibers to the NaCl solution showed little difference. Apricot Stone-based activated carbon could serve as the filter core of masks.Using Lycium oil as the raw material, the application of Apricot Stone-based activated carbon for its decoloration was studied. It was indicated from the experiments that: Apricot Stone-based activated carbon was good to Lycium oil sample decolorization. When Activated carbon (3g) was added to Lycium oil (75mL), the best condition was 180℃after 20minutes. By GC-MS, decoloring with activated carbon preserved better the quality of the raw material.