| In this study, some wild orchids came from Hainan Province were used for materials. For the purpose of systemically learning the distant-hybridization technique, e.g. cornamental haracteristics, distant hybridization's cross compatibility, pollinium storage and testing of viability, artificial pollination, asepsis sowing and so on were studied. Besides, for utilizing abundant resources and offering technology and materials of Hainan Province's orchids, germ plasm enhancement were progressed in the base of early period work.The main results and conclusion are aummarized as follows:1 Systemically observation and assessment on the cornamental haracteristics of wild orchids in Hainan Province. They were classified in 6 types according to enjoyment characteristic, viz. big flowers(24 species), many flowers (23 species), long inflorescence(16 species) , even longer inflorescence(18 species) , panicle(12 species) and fragrance (20 species). Simultaneity , 62 initial species were screening for development and utilization direct. From the gardens enjoyment angle, they can be divided into 4 types: flowering type(15 species), foliage plant (3 species),flowering & foliage plant (27 species) and plant type(17 species).2 The first completely full technology system of distant hybridization for wild orchids that in Hainan had been built up.It included techniques as artificial pollination, pollinium storage and their viability testing, morphological identification of true or not hybrids. The pollinium storage and viability testing technique: the pollinium were storaged under Y℃after drying a~ch and the pollen were still alive after 1 year which were tested by morphological identification, germination in vitro and pollination. The morphological identification method:through the change of column, days of ovary's swell, the size,the shape and the color of the hybrid fruit,the shape and the color of the seeds,the change and distinguish of the young F1 characteristics to judge the offspring was a hybrid or not simply and quickly.3 The asepsis sowing technique for the hybrids of distant hybridization of the wild orchids in Hainan was astablished. The mediums of"Hy-NO.1"and"MS"containing 2.0~4.0 mg/L 6-BA ,0.1~0.5 mg/L NAA and supplemented with 5~10% coconut milk or banana mud were fit for asepsis sowing of the wild orchids in Hainan.33 species and 30 hybrids of distant-hybridization had been brought up well in the two mediums. Some selfed seedling and young F1 plantlets had been grew well.4 The first study on the cross compatibility of Hainan's wild orchids in China was discussed. The study on interspecific hybridization and intergneric hybridization in large scale of wild orchids in Hainan were involved with 34 genus and 70 species of wild orchids in Hainan existing and some hybrids were obtained. The cross compatibility of interspecific hybridization from strong to weak were Eria, Cleisostoma, Cymbidium, Gastrochilus, Dendrobium, Vanda. The cross compatibility of reciprocal cross in Cleisostoma and Eria were stronger. The cross compatibility of intergneric hybridization from strong to weak were Acampe, Arachnis, Calanthe, Kingidium, Tainia, Phaius, Doritis, Geodorum, Eria, Eulophia, Cymbidium, coelogyme, Vanda, Bulbophyllm, Cleisostoma, Dendrobium, Rhymchostylis and so on.5 Twelve germplasm enhancements had been obtained. Twenty combinations with eximious characteristics were screened for germplasm enhancement. Eleven combinations had germianted and seven combinations had some young F1 with well transplantating and surviving.The first variant type with yellow leaf margin by distant hybridization had been obtainted.
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