Introduction And Cultivation Of Primula Saxatilis

Primula saxatilis is a famous sub-alpine flower distributing in north China.lt is also a species of endangered plants in China Plant Red Data Book and one of Beijing Key Protected Wild Plants. Few study about cultivation and application of northern genus of Primula were carried out,so did on Primula saxatilis.To enrich northern early spring flowers and fully use this potential flower resource this research elaboratly investigated the natural habitats and wild developments of P. saxatilis in Wulingshan moutain, performed introduction and cultivation of P. saxatilis in greenhouse and outdoor in Beijing, the effects of fertilizing, GA3 and other measures on the growth of P.saxatilis were investigated. The main results are as follows:1.The distribution of P. saxatilis in Wulingshan moutain were between 884-1140m above sea level, mainly grown in forest edge, rock areas and roadside with soil PH 6.58-6.93 and 30%-60% of full sun light.The phenological phases of wild P.saxatilis were as follows:Sprouted in late of April, blossomed at late April, boomed flowers in late of May, seed repen during the middle of August, withered in late October.The time from the seed to blossom was 3 years.The natural habitats were influenced a lot by humans and some were destroyed heavily that needed considerate protection.2.Seed germinated better under light conditions with temprature 20-25℃, and 500 mg/L GA3 lmg/L 6-BA,5 mg/L NAA premoted germination rate significantly.The germination rate decreased 6.55% at 4℃dry condition after one year storage. Under greenhouse cultivation the plants fertilized with EC 1.5 mS/cm fertilizer had more leaves, larger leave length and leave width, flowering time advanced.60mg/L GA3 promoted significantly the growth of seedlings,the earlier flowering time,with more newly formed leaves than CK.Based on the studies aboved the cultivation systerm of Primula saxatlis from sowing to flowering had been built.3.In greenhouse,sowed in September the plants flowered in May next year,needed 8 months from seed time to flower time shortern 2 years that of the wild.This perennial plant could be grown as a biennial plant. Plants more than two years old bolossomed in early March with more than 30 scapes which increasing the ornamental value. Primula saxatilis can be cultivated as potted flowers and the results showed seccessful introduction and cultivation in greenhouse.4. Primula saxatilis could grew very well in both winter and summer in outside.The plants got into flowering in Aprial a month earlier than in the wild with more scapes and larger height and width.It is a very potential perennial plant for the landscape in north area.To sum up,this study carried out the introduction and cultivation of Primula saxatilis in greenhouse and ouside on the basis of wild investigation,performed the effect of fertilizering and GA3 on the growth and flowering of Primula saxatilis, the result showed these treatments could improve the growth speed and flower quality,advance flower time. And built the technique of cultivation and management of Primula saxatilis in both greenhouse and outdoor,achieved great success in introduction and cultivation.Primula saxatilis could be used as pot flowers and garden flowers in the north.This research provided a good plant for landscapes and a good breeding material,also provided cultivation skills for growing other primroses.