| Objective: To investigate the association of three genes of the renin-angiotension system (RAS) with the Kidney- Asthenia type of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and the Effect of XSW on DN. Metliods:TCM syndromes of 265 noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NJDDM) patients were analyzed, The polymorphism of three genes of the RAS was analyzed with PCR amplification in 240 NIDDM patients. Thirty cases with DN were given orally granule of Xiaosiwu (XSW) for 3 months, thirty cases were given orally tablet of Captopril as the control, and the polymorphism of AngioLensin 1梒onverting enzyme (ACE) gene was analyzed with PCR. Results: OKidney-Asthenia give priority to DN(98 .8%), and the NIDDM patients with Kidney-asthenia were prone(tend) to accrue DN(8 1 .7%, P <0.005). ?In Kidney-asthenia and DN patients, the frequencies of the ACE-DD genetype, AGT-M235T MM genetype, AGT1Ræ¡1I6GC AC genetype and the D, M, C allele were significantly higher than in other patients, but the frequencii es of II ill, A/\ genetype and I,T,A allele had the converse trend. (P<0.0i or P |