| Infectious diseases morbidity and mortality increased from 1970s due to the emergence of new infectious diseases such as AIDS and the re-emergence of old ones such as tuberculosis. Infectious diseases are also one of the great public health challenges for humankind in the 21th century.Infectious disease is a kind of disease caused by infectious pathogens or their poisonous products. The occurrence, development and transmission of infectious diseases depend on infection sources, route of transmission and susceptible. Infectious disease are ascribed to the interrelation, interaction and inter-struggle between pathogens and the hosts or the external environment. Not only a biological phenomenon, but the infectious disease epidemic is a social phenomenon. The epidemic only occurs and develops under the influence of certain social and natural factors. Some times the social factors play a key role in the procession.To investigate influential factors of infectious diseases, we conducted a field investigation based on the permanent residents and floating population in Gongshu District of Hangzhou City and Zhoushan City, and then provide scientific strategies for prevention and control of infectious disease aiming at the two different population.Material and MethodsCluster and stratified sampling method were used during the field investigation, which the field included Gongshu District of Hangzhou City, and Zhoushan City in Zhejiang Province. After about one month investigation, 71 cases having had infectious diseases came from the permanent residents and 60 cases came from floating population were found. An individual-matched case-control study was carried out, which the matching ratio was one to four and the matching factors included age, gender and population (the permanent residents or the floating population).A constructed questionnaire elicited information on family overall conditions, personal basic conditions, the state of infectious disease and the prevention and protection of infectious disease, and so on., All subjects were interviewed face-to-face by trained interviewers.In descriptive study section, Pearson's x2 test and nonparametric test were used to examine differences between two populations including all variables. In case-control study section, conditional Logistic regression analysis was applied with single factor or multi-factors models. The data were processed with software of Epi Data3.0 and SPSS 12.0 in personal computer after verified.Results1. Descriptive studyIn 5314 individuals, the permanent residents accounted for 50.56 percent, and the floating population accounted for 49.44 percent, which also meant 2765 in Gongshu District of Hangzhou City and 2549 in Zhoushan City. There was a significant difference between the permanentresidents and floating population on the age distribution (x2 =732.047 P<0.001). The percentagein the floating population with the age between 15 and 40 years old was higher than that in permanant's, however, which in the permanant's above 40 years old was higher than that in the floating population. There were 71 cases having had infectious diseases in the permanent residents and 61 ones in the floating population, which there was no significant difference in constituentratio for types classified by the route of transmission (x2 =18.340,P=0.245).2. Case-control studyFor the single-factor conditional Logistic regression analysis, there were 13 factors related with infectious diseases in the permanent residents with the entry level, a =0.10: lighting of dwelling, sanitation, mosquito, health status, members in family or people with close touch having chronic infectious diseases, raising pets, carrier, drinking raw water, dinking wine, drinking wine exceeding 90g per day and collective habitation. As to the floating population, there were 17 factors related with infectious diseases: types of dwelling, ventilation, lighting of dwelling, sanitation, types of the toilet, resident environment sanitation, repast together or separately... |
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