The Expression Of Aquaporin 1 In Renal Cell Carcinoma Before And After Interventional Treatment And Its Significance

Water is the major component of all human cells and tissues. Aquaporin(AQP) water channels are a family of membrane proteins that facilitate watermovement across biological membranes. Aquaporin-1 (AQP1), the firstcharacterized water channel protein which distribute widely in severalabsorptive or secretory epithelia of many tissues and organs, has been found tobe important in osmotic water movement across cell membranes. Recentstudies have suggested that AQP1 may be responsible for the high vascularpermeability and interstitial fluid pressure in tumors. AQP1 may also play arole in tumor angiogenesis and may be involved in development of effusions oredema fluid.Renal cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of kidney.Chemotherapy embolism of renal artery has been used widely to treat renal cellcarcinoma before nephrectomy. Performing nephrectomy after chemotherapyembolism not only can decrease hemorrhage during surgery and shortensurgery time but also can increase the rate of livability and avoid metastasisduring surgery. Many references have confirmed that radiology has changedfrom X-ray-general pathology age to image-molecule level age. Studing thebehavior of carcinoma by the means of molecular biology and pathology canexplain the corresponding radiology trait, and also can supply theoreticconfirmation.In this study, to evaluate the effect of interventional treatment on theexpression level and distribution of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in renal cell carcinomaand its significance, fifteen cases of renal cell carcinoma tissues which receivedchemotherapy embolism before nephrectomy and 12 cases of renal cellcarcinoma tissues which only had nephrectomy were studied as test group.Twelve cases of normal kidney tissues were studied as control groups. RT-PCR,western blot analysis and immunohistochemical method were performed todetect the expression of AQP1 on different tissues. Results:In normal kidneytissues, AQP1 expressed in the capillary endothelia cells of glomerulus,epithelial cell of proximal tubules. In renal cell carcinoma tissues, AQP1expressed in tumor cells and epithelial cells of capillary vessel. Expression ofAQP1 remarkably decreased in renal cell carcinoma tissues compared withnormal kidney tissues(Pixel intensity rate of AQP1 and β-actin by RT-PCRmethods were 0.935 and 0.855 respectively;AQP1 positive pixel intensity bywestern blot methods were 125.8 and 147.4 respectively;Positive index ofAQP1 pixel intensity by immunohistochemical method were 1.31 and 1.08.P<0.01). Expression of AQP1 remarkably decreased in renal cell carcinomatissues which received chemotherapy embolism compared with renal cellcarcinoma which only had nephrectomy(Pixel intensity rate of AQP1 andβ-actin by RT-PCR methods was 0.810;AQP1 positive pixel intensity bywestern blot methods was 159.7;Positive index of AQP1 pixel intensity byimmunohistochemical method was 0.82. P<0.05).Invasion and metastasis of tumor is an altitudinal selective process. It iscorrelative with the tumor trait and the surrounding environment of tumortissue. Water metabolism plays an important role in this course. Inhibitor of theexpression of AQP1 may suppress the tumor invasion and metastases.Chemotherapy embolism of renal artery can decrease supply blood of tumor.Expression of AQP1 remarkably decreased in renal cell carcinoma tissues afterreceived interventional treatment. The decline of AQP1 can not satisfy to waterneed of tumor cells, and can control transform and proliferation of malignanttumor cells. When interventional treatment is performed, chemotherapymedicine can enhance local medicament concentration in tumor tissue, decreaseexpression of AQP1 which may celebrate tumor cells necrosis and apoptosis,and may reduce tumor volume and extension. So we can conclude thatinterventional treatment can depress the expression of AQP1 in renal cellcarcinoma and suppress the growth and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.