Studies On The Volatile Components Of Cornus Officinalis: SFE-CO₂, Chemical Constituents Analysis And Its Pharmacodynamics Effects

Cornus officinalis has been becoming one of clinical medicines, which has goodmedical value and utilizing purposes. Most of present researches focus on its chemicalcomponents and pharmacological effects. There is rare research on its volatile components,especially its bioactive components, which can be attributed to low contents and noeffective extract method. Steam distillation method is usually adopted in volatilecomponents of Cornus officinalis extraction. Although it has some advantages, such assimply equipment, easy operation and low cost, it also brings more questions, such ascomplicated process, low extract yield and loss of effective components. As a newemerging extract method, the Supercritical CO₂ extraction technology (SFE-CO₂) canrealize the extraction of volatile components of Cornus officinalis quickly, efficiently andwithout pollution. Although this technology has been used to study Cornus officinalisinitially, it has opened a new field for the study of volatile components of Cornus officinalis.But this research still has some problems, such as the inexplicit goal ingredient, lessinfluence conditions and unsupported theory. According to the above mentioned, weextracted the volatile components of Cornus officinalis by SFE-CO₂, analyzed the extract byGC-MS and studied the influence of the extract on diabetes rat. The results were as follows.This dissertation firstly applied orthogonal experiment to optimize the extractcondition of Cornus officinalis to obtain the best operating conditions. Four factorsincluding extractor pressure, extractor temperature, CO₂ flowing rate and time were chosento study the influence on the extraction yield. The result showed that the optimal extractionconditions of supercritical CO₂ extraction were: extracting pressure 35MPa, temperature50℃, the rate of flow 20L·h^-1, time 2h. Repeated experiments have testified the bestextraction conditions. Compared with the extraction with stream distillation, SFE-CO₂ hadmany virtues, such as higher extraction yield, higher quality. The method shows sufficiently the advantages of supercritical CO₂ extraction applied in the extraction of volatilecomponents from Cornus officinalis. Based on the existing model, this dissertationperforms to describe and analyze its mechanism, which will help for setting up model ofCornus officinalis extraction.This dissertation also includes analysis of volatile components from Cornus officinalisby GC-MS. The major components identified in the extractions were n-hexadecanoic acid,9, 12-octadecadienoinoc acid and 9-octadecenoic acid, etc. Compared with the extractionwith stream distillation method, SFE-CO₂ can provide more chemical evidence forexploiting and utilizing the volatile components of Cornus officinalis and for studies of itspharmacodynamics effects.Based on above extract and analysis results, we have investigated the influence ofvolatile components from Cornus officinalis on diabetes rats. The extract contributes toimproving the symptoms, such as tiredness, dullness, more food and drink of diabetes rats.Treatment of SD rats with the extract of Cornus officinalis by SFE-CO₂ did not result indecrease plasma glucose but it prohibited blood glucose lever from rising.In summary, this dissertation optimized the extraction conditions of Cornus officinalisextracted by SFE, described and analyzed its mechanism, identified the extraction byGC-MS and studied the influence of the extract on diabetes rat. These studies lay theexperimental foundation for developing and utilizing volatile components of Cornusofficinalis.