The Application And Study Of Ergonomic Workplace Analysis To Mine Enterprises

There are many ergonomic questions in the working places, and it has been obtained society's universal attention, especially the increased incidence of chronic occupational trauma disorders, such as musculoskeletal disorders caused by it. The data shows that: there are association between the forced sitting operation caused by bad posture and high incidence of back pain; sedentary posture does not accorded with the best forced state of human spinal column, often can cause musculoskeletal mechanical load overweight of some area of spinal column, and then cause tissue injury -musculoskeletal disorders, et al. The major ergonomic questions in the working places are physical load overweight, forced posture operation (bad posture), unfit work posture, duplicate work such as lifting, handling and drawing heavy weight repeatedly, organization factors, social factors, individual's psychology factors, et al. Exposed to bad ergonomic factors for a long time and repeatedly, not only influence working, but also may cause musculoskeletal disorders. So it is very important to evaluate the ergonomic load of the workplace correctly and comprehensively, and study and investigate the bad ergonomic problems of different trade, in order to prevent musculoskeletal disorders and improve the workers's working ability. The study on ergonomic recognition and analysis evaluation method abroad has been researched for more than ten years, but in our country there is so few literature report on musculoskeletal disorders of mine working people. There is not a vulgate method to identify, analyze and evaluate the association between the bad ergonomic problems and ergonomic load of different workplaces and musculoskeletal disorders simply and effectively. In our country, there not has method to systematically identify, analyze and evaluate the bad ergonomic factors of mine workplace, and systematical ergonomic research on musculoskeletal disorders correlated injury factors of mine working people. Therefore, our study use the Ergonomic Workplace Analysis established by Finnish Occupational Health Institute to identify, analyze and evaluate the ergonomic indexes of mine workplace; use questionnaire and physical check to investigate the musculoskeletal disorders occurrence status of mine workers, in order to reach the following research objectives: to study the current situation of mine workplace, to identify the bad ergonomic problems of mine workplace, to definite the musculoskeletal disorders occurrence status of mine workers, in order to provide basic basis for our country to make related laws, standards and ergonomic prevention measures of bad ergonomic factors and musculoskeletal disorders of mine workplace.Ergonomic Workplace Analysis has 14 ergonomic indexes, each index had been measured through the methods of observing, inquiring and body measuring. We use this method to investigate 12 workplaces. According to the classification standard of Ergonomic Workplace Analysis, the ergonomic indexes of workplace that greater than 4 grade is bad ergonomic factors. The results showed that: rock drilling workplace had 6 ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade, they were working posture and the limited extent of action and work, labor repeatability, noises, communication degree and attention degree; hoisting workplace had 5 ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade, they were working space and the limited extent of work, labor repeatability, thermal environment and noises; signal workplace had 3 ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade, they were thermal environment, work content and labor repeatability; trailer workplace had 3 ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade, they were bad working posture, work content and limited work communication; haulage and mineral processing workplace had 2 ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade, they were lifting load and bad posture and action; branching workplace had 2 ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade, they were lifting and the limited extent of work; leaching workplace had 2 ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade, they were lifting and noise; air-pressure workplace had 2 ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade, they were work content and noise; repairing and staving ore workplace only had noise that greater than 4 grade; and milling workplace only had work content that greater than 4 grade. The ergonomic indexes that greater than 4 grade was bad ergonomic factors, and they were bad to workers's health.To use questionnaire and body check method to investigate the musculoskeletal disorders occurrence condition of mine workers. 531 persons had been investigated, and the results showed that: there was different detection rate according to different workplace workers. Holers had the highest detection rate, was 55.3%. And then were selection miners, supporting workers and haulage workers, were 53.6%, 36.4% and 32.3% for each. The highest rate of musculoskeletal disorders site was shoulder, was 31.8%. And than were wrist and waist, were 20.1% and 14.9%. Musculoskeletal disorders had no association with sex and education, and had association with type of work and working age.Our study showed that: rock drilling, branching and haulage workplace were high risk workplace of musculoskeletal disorders of mine workers; excessive physical labor and lifting, bad work posture and action, repeated work and noise were the major bad ergonomic factors; and the shoulder was the most easily be injured site. We suggest that enhance the management of the high risk workplace, strengthen the individual protection, reduce the influence of the bad ergonomic factors that can cause musculoskeletal disorders, so as to decrease the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders.