| Objectives: There are three goads in this study. The first was to investigate old people's incidence and related factors of depressive symptoms, awareness rate of depression related knowledge. The second was to probe the effect of health education for old people on preventing incidence of depressive symptoms, promoting awareness rate of depression related knowledge and improving quality of life. The third was to research the function of heath education and psychological nursing for old people with depressive symptoms on reducing depressive symptoms, improving social support and awareness rate of depression related knowledge. This study could provide references for community staff to made preventive measures of depression in elderly.Methods:1. GDS, SF-36, SSRS and self-development questionnaires were used. 408 old people aged 60 years and older from KunLun community in Xi'an were recruited by random cluster sampling method .389 questionnaires were fully completed. Data were analyzed with SPSS13.0 software. Percentage, t test, Wilcoxon W test,χ~2 test, Logistic regression analysis and Pearson's correlation analysis were used. Information such as general background, incidence and related factors of depressive symptoms, awareness rate of depression related knowledge, etc were collected.2. Based on cross-sectional study, samples were divided into two groups according to the location. Treatment was assigned randomly. One group was given health education for six months, the other group was not offered any interventions. After six months, independent-samples t test, paired-samples t test,χ~2 test, ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis were used to compare differences on incidence of depressive symptoms, quality of life scores, and awareness rate of depression related knowledge between two groups.3. Old people with depressive symptoms were screened from above two groups respectively. Apart from health education, psychological nursing was offered to the intervention group. No treatment was given to the control group. After 6 months, analysis of variance and multiple covariance, paired-samples t test andχ~2 test were used to compare differences on relief rate of depressive symptoms, decreasing GDS scores, social support scores and awareness rate of depression related knowledge.Results:1. The incidence of depressive symptoms and awareness rate of depression related knowledge for old people in KunLun community are 15.9% and 31.6% respectively. Old people with lower BMI(OR=1.962,95%CI=1.104～3.484), without hobby(OR=2.419,95%CI=1.1874.933) or physical exercise (OR=1.894, 95%CI=1.011～3.551) are more likely to get depressive symptoms. The occurrence risk of depressive symptoms for old people with hypertension or gastroenteropathy is 1.903 or 3.098 times as those of healthy old people(95%CI=1.069～3.483,1.481～6.482). Social support scores (Pearson's r=-0.177) especially the subjective support dimension (Pearson's r=-0.210) have negative relationships with GDS scores. Old people with lower quality of life especially on the dimension of bodily pain, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional and mental health are more likely to have depressive symptoms. 2. After 6 months'health education, statistical significances are found between two groups on GDS scores, scores and increasing scores of quality of life and its two dimensions, such as physical health and general health, increasing scores of vitality and awareness scores of depression related knowledge. And so is the awareness rate of depression related knowledge(P<0.05). But no statistical significances are found on incidence of depressive symptoms or decreasing GDS scores (P>0.05).3. After 6 months'synthesis intervention for old people with depressive symptoms, there are statistical significances between two groups on decreasing GDS scores, awareness rate of depression related knowledge, scores of social support and its two dimensions(P<0.05). But no statistical differences are found on relief rate of depressive symptoms and scores of objective social support dimension (P>0.05).Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the incidence of depressive symptoms for old people in KunLun community is not higher when compared with that of formerly related literatures, but its awareness rate of depression related knowledge is so low. Health education can be taken as effective intervention to improve old people's awareness rate of depression related knowledge, quality of life and to decrease GDS scores. Synthesis intervention including both Health education and psychological nursing is effective for old people with depressive symptoms on improving social support GDS scores, but not effective on decreasing incidence or relief rate of depressive symptoms. This infers the necessary to consummate and enlarge intervention measures in future studies.
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