Studies On Reducing Aristolochic Acid Of Herba Asari By Processing Technique

Herba Asari is root and rhizoma from Aristolochia plant Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt var.mandshuricum(Maxim.)Kitag,Asarum sieboldii Miq.v&r.seoulense,and Asarun sieboldii Miq,were earliest listed in the "Shen NongBenCaoJing ",as Shangpin.With qufengsanha- n,wenfeihuaxin,tongqiaozhitong effect.As one of 63 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine in shortage,Asarum was recommended by the State Pharmaceutical Administration Bureau for focus developing.At the same time was also listed as two key medicines to our country,is now commonly used Traditional Chinese Medicine for great demand.According to Bubanchengfang preparation standards and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia's incomplete summary,there were 176 prescriptions include Herba Asari.Herba Asari as Aristolochiac plant,contains aristolochic acid,that has renal toxicity and carcinogenesis. Aristolochic Acid Renal Toxicity has caused great turbulence all over the world.By May 31rd 2000,the FDA issued a 'FDA notice on health-related plants containing aristolochic acid in drugs and food',which followed with a related-prescription catalog.Among the medicinal plants those may mixed with aristolochic acid mentioned(B),Herba Asari was listed.By June 9th 2000,FDA pressed an order to prohibit importing,manufacturing,and selling any 'aristolochic acid suspected materials and products',although they did not receive any reports of similar adverse events until then.By now,TCM within aristolochic acid were forbidden to different extent,caused great side-effect to domestic TCM industry.For removing the toxicity in Asarum and other aristolochic acid- containing medicines,in order to remove toxicity and maintain pharmacodynamic activity,according to the chemical nature of aristolochic acid,we adopted base-processing to remove aristolochic acid in Herba Asari selectively,and retain its active ingredients.By means of HPLC and GC,we studied queality standard of 3 spieces and 5 different habits, selected a high content of active ingredient,and low aristolochic acid spieces.Analysed effective components and aristolochic acid in Asarum from different habits,and different parts of the herb.The results showed that,the highest content of aristolochic acid was Asarun sieboldii Miq.the highest content of active ingredients was Asarum sieboldii Miq.var.seoulense.Asarun sieboldii Miq used as experiment material,and aristolochic acid as index,selected NaHCO₃ processing method from seven processes as the best,defined the optimal process by orthogonal experiment. GC and HPLC were used to measure toxicity components and active ingredients in Herba Asari after processing.The result indicated that after being processed aristolochic acid A in Herba Asari had been 85%off.Total aristolochic acid decreased 74%.Asarmin contents has no obvious change.It is verified that NaHCO₃ processing could reduce aristolochic acid A effectively and remain active ingredients mostly.Processing purpose is achieved.In order to study the change of chemical composition in crude and processed Asarun sieboldii Miq,we compared contents of extracts in crude and processed Asarun sieboldii Miq from different polar solvent.The result indicated that contents of all four extracts had decreased.The extracts from aqeous and ethanal decreased most,cycloh exane less,and acetic ether least.The relationship between decrease of extracts' contents and pharmacodynamic action need to be investigated in future.To investigate the specific chemical change in crude and processed Herba Asari,the experiment uses the finger prints technology to compare and analsyse total components of Herba Asari.After being processed,methanol extracts had changed obviously.Aristolochic acid A's chromatographic peak value decreased,and two chromatographic peaks vanished.Acetic ether extracts had two chromatographic peaks vanished.Chromatographic peak value owed by both had diminished.cyclohexane extracts chromatographic peak value decreased and composition of chromatographic peak had no change.