Cross-sectional Survey And Family, School Factors Study On Depressive Symptoms In Middle School Students Of Yunnan Province

Objective The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among middle school students, and its differences in grade, age, and gender, and also to explores the relations among middle school students' depressive symptoms with individual, family, school, life events, in practice, The findings of the study contribute to mental health education, prevention, treatment, and intervention of adolescent depression, and quality education of middle school students.Method Depressive symptoms and relative factors were investigated among 12206 middle school students in Yunnan province using an anonymous questionnaire; depressive symptoms rating was performed according to CES-D, life events rating was performed according to ASLEC, parental rearing patterns was performed according to EMBU. Personal in-depth interview and Focus group discussion was used to explore the root causes of depression.Results The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms was 23.7 % among middle school students in Yunnan province, the rate was 21.6 % for males,25.6 % for females,22.1 % for junior high school students,25.3% for senior high school students. Chi-square tests showed that finales and senior high school students had higher the prevalence rate of depressive symptoms than males and junior high school students respectively. The prevalence of middle school students'depressive symptoms with age and grades Statistical differences emerging.The mean score of CES-D was 14.43±8.67, The mean score of female (14.90±8.79) was higher than male subjects (13.90±8.51) (p<0.05).8-th grade was a critical developmental phase for depression. The average score of depressive symptoms trend to be increasing along with age or grade. There are Statistical differences at age and grades of school, after adjusting for age, Low parental education, Divorced Family, poor self evaluation of income of family, Parental attitudes to child different fundamentally, unhappy childhood, childhood abuse, family history of depression, The boring after-school life, students emotion affected by teacher, students not concerned by teachers, students not satisfied with the schools were more likely experiences depressive symptoms than other subjects.There were significantly correlation among middle school students'depressive symptoms and each of EMBU, negative correlation to Father warmth, understanding and mother warmth, understanding, positive correlation to other factors; There were significantly positive correlation among middle school students depressive symptoms and Interpersonal relationships, study pressure, punishment, loss, healthy adaptation, and other.Stepwise regression analysis results suggest that Interpersonal relationships, after-school life, childhood, study pressure, other, mother warmth, understanding (MF1), students not concerned by teachers, the illness of the last two weeks, Self-assessment personality tendencies, students not satisfactify with school, gender, family history of depression, classroom management, students emotion affected by teacher, childhood abuse were all significant predictors of depressive symptoms.Conlusion 1.of all the respondents, depressive symptoms are more widespread psychological problems, there is higher prevalence rate and we should be of concern.2. The depression level of female was higher than male subjects. the depressive symptoms score has a significant differences at age and grades of male and female students.8-th grade was a critical developmental phase for depression.3. depressive symptoms among middle school students was influenced by a variety of factors including individuals'socio-demographic, family factors, school factors, depressive symptoms score is apparently correlated with each factors of Parents'rearing style, life events.4. Interpersonal relationships, after-school life, study pressure, and other as the strongest variables in predicting depressive symptoms, depressive symptoms also can be predicted by childhood, mother warmth, understanding (MF1), students not concerned by teachers, the illness of the last two weeks, Self-assessment personality tendencies, and so on.5. males and senior high school students had higher the prevalence rate of depressive symptoms than females and junior high school students respectively. education and medical workers should pay attention to the senior high school students'mental health character, particularly to girls'mental health.