The Relationship Between DNA Methylation And Hematological Malignancies

Tumor epigenetics is a new subject, mainly including DNA methylation, histone modification and chromatin remodeling, genomic imprinting and the coding RNA control, etc. Among them, the DNA methylation and tumor relationship is the research focus. Gene DNA methylation of DNA C5 cytosine methyl shift enzyme (DNA methyltransferase, Dnmt) catalysis, Dnmt to S-adenosine state-of-art 1-methionine (S-adenosylmethionine, SAM) for methyl donors, will methyl transferred to cytosine the fifth on carbon atoms. The influence factors of DNA methylation:DNA methylation transferase and histone methylation, diet, and other factors. DNA methylation tumours, including gene mutations of the pace of molecular mechanism of low, DNA methylation related gene expression, effects of DNA methylation on high the influence of gene expression and DNA methylation shift enzyme expression to increase the influence of DNA methylation. DNA methylation on blood disease diagnosis have important clinical value, in many cases, methylation earlier than the obvious malignant phenotype appear, and abnormal DNA methylation loci, specific genes with tumor-specific CpG island methylation is probably the most compelling tumor early detection of molecular indexes. Due to high in DNA methylation in malignant blood widespread make malignant blood to methylation, this paper treatment to be drugs to methylation reading. DNA methylation in most blood cancers exist the same cancer gene and tumor-suppressor genes, maybe onset starting mechanism for the same and the performance of different blood disease. Along with the development of methylation correlation with tumor the deepening of the research, there is a growing realization that methylation change and traditional between the prognostic indicators close contact. Mainly including four aspects:(1) the methylation change and staging, stages have obvious correlation. (2) the DNA methylation can promote abnormal invasion and metastasis of tumor. (3) methylation can be used as an independent predictor of tumor recurrence. (4) methylation affect survival. Detection methylation changes helped, and prognosis for clinical condition monitoring and risk assessment, provides the basis. Gene promoter and its nearby area CpG methylation is multiple genes realize to express (pause) and genetic signature important way, by means of measuring the CpG island promoter methylation state understand gene is to express, provides for the study of gene expression in DNA level of important ways, this paper lists some DNA methylation testing method. DNA abnormal methylation is the blood system cancer an important molecular mechanism, especially the tumor-suppressor genes methylation make its inactivation is most important, promoter methylation in abnormal cellular canceration process is-a early, frequent events, can be used as a cancer sensitive biology markers, methylation, further research is important for both the research for clinical also has important practical value.