| Modern research shows that many human diseases are related to the free radicals, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, degenerative diseases, inflammation of tissue damage and aging. And experimental results show that free radical damage can be reduced or eliminated when we put a small amount of free radical scavengers or inhibitors. For a long time, people have been using synthetic antioxidants. But now people has put the focus on the low toxicity and efficient natural antioxidants because of many side effects of synthetic antioxidants. Extracting antioxidants from aromatic plants has become the research hot spot. However, most studies were focused on essential oils. The studies on the nonvolatile parts are limited, especially on their abilities for scavenging free radical, antioxidation and protecting oxidative damaged human cells.In this study, we used water, grain alcohol and ethyl acetate as solvent to extract nonessential oil components from Rosmarinus officinalis L. leaves in Shanghai, then detected scavenging free radical and antioxidant effects of three different mass concentration extracts using chemiluminescence systems of superoxide anion free radical, hydroxyl radical, peroxynitrite anion, peroxide, carbonate radical and DNA oxidative damage caused by hydroxyl radical and colorimetric systems of lipid pexoxidation and DPPH free radical. Compared the effects of three extracts by calculating the IC50. In order to study whether the extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. can protect cells from oxidative damage caused by free radical, we used the HL7702 as experimental material and established an experimental model of oxidative injury. After the experimental group was established, we detected the effects of extracts on the concentration of GSH, MDA and ONOO- in cells. And used methods of MTT and flow cytometric to detect the changes of the cell proliferation and cell cycle.Three extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. can effectively scavenge O2-·,·OH, H2O2, CO3-·, ONOO- and DPPH·, reduce DNA oxidative damage caused by free radical and inhibit lipid pexoxidation. And it showed extract concentration is more large the effect is better. Deionized water extraction had the better effect on reducing DNA oxidative damage caused by free radical and inhibitting lipid pexoxidation and the IC50 were 32.3μg/mL,36.11μg/mL respectively; grain alcohol extraction had the better effect on scavenging O2-, ONOO- and CO3-·, and the IC50 were 189.19μg/mL,1.67μg/mL,84.69μg/mL respectively; ethyl acetate extraction had the better effect on scavenging·OH, H2O2 and DPPH·, and the IC50 were 4.12μg/mL, 1.92μg/mL,49.55μg/mL respectively.The results of cell experiments indicated that water and grain alcohol extractions can protect HL7702 on low concentration and influence cell cycling phase and increase the content of GSH and inhibit the production of MDA and ONOO-. The studies revealed that the components of nonessential oils in Rosmarinus officinalis L. leaves can increase the antioxidant level and scavenge ROS and RNS directly, possibly can prevent liver tissue from oxidative damage, and alleviat or prevent liver diseases.Above results indicated that extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. which can scavenge free radical and resist oxidation are multifunctional free radical scavenger and natural antioxidants. The present study provide a basis for it's development in food, healthcare, medical etc. |
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