Etiology Of Childhood Secondary Hypertension: A Review Of 120 Cases

Objective: To explore the etiologies, clinical features and treatments of secondary hypertension in children.Methods: 120 cases of children with secondary hypertension clinically diagnosed admitted and treated in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2001 to December 2009 were retrospectively analyzed, whose medical history, clinical presentations, physical examinations, accessory examinations and treatments were analyzed.Results:1. Totally 120 cases of childhood secondary hypertension were included in this study, composed of male 79 cases (65.8%), female 41 cases(34.2%), with an average(9.5±4.1)years of age.2. The major primary diseases included kidney diseases 77 cases(64.2 %), which contained 52 cases (43.3%) of acute glomerulonephritis; hypertension caused by medicine 22 cases (18.3%); endocrine diseases 5 cases(4.2%); rheumatic diseases 4 cases(3.3%).3. 71 cases ( 59.2% ) were complicated with hypertensive encephalopathy, among them 47 cases(39.2%)were children with acute glomerulonephritis.4. The blood pressure gradually turned to normal in 111 cases(92.5%)of childhood secondary hypertension since their primary diseases were cured, the other 9 cases were discharged from hospital because of their mothers'giving up to be treated.Conclusions:1. The etiologies of secondary hypertension in children vary with their ages, the clinical presentations are also different because of their primary diseases.2. Acute glomerulonephritis is a major cause of childhood secondary hypertension.3. Children with hypertension caused by acute glomerulonephritis have a higher risk of occurring hypertensive encephalopathy.4. Most of the children's pressure can turn to normal after their primary diseases are under control.