The Compiling And Application Of The Resilience Scale Of Middle School Students

Resilience refers to the ability that individuals can restore and adapt well in the face of adversity or stress, including the intrinsic and extrinsic protective factors. The well adaption is the result of interaction of them.The purposes of this study are: 1. This paper constructed the theoretical dimensions of Chinese middle school students' resilience by their depth interviews, opening questionnaires, and previous literatures, then developed the scale of the middle school student's resilience on the basis of domestic and foreign scales of adolescent resilience, and provided an effective measuring tool for the latter research.2. To survey the group feature of resilience development of Chinese middle school students, and provide the basic information for the latter research.3. To know the relationship among life events stress, resilience and mental health, as well as analyse how resilience plays the role in the process of improving mental health, which will help to find new measures to improve mental health of the middle school students. Students from three representative middle schools in the city of Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province participated in the pre-test. There were 607 effective participants of 630 , after stratified cluster sampling. The formal test was conducted in six middle schools in Shijiazhuang, Xingtai, Tangshan of Hebei province, and Qingdao, Shandong Province. After using the same way, 759 students, participated in the experiment.Through the statistical analysis of the data, this study makes the following conclusions: 1.The developed scale of resilience is made up of 36 entries, which measures six dimensions, that is, sense of purpose, perserverance,responsibility, self-adjustment,family supports and friend supports. The indicators of reliability and validity of this scale are in line with the requirements of psychometrics. 2. Through comparing gender difference, it is showed that the scores (in the sub-scales of friend supports and family supports, and the scale of resilience) of female are higher than those of male. Comparing singleton difference, it is showed that the score of responsibility of non-singleton is much higher than that of singleton, and the scores of other scales have no significant differences between the students. From the comparison of differences between grades, it is showed that every sub-scale and scale scores have significant differences.3. Comparing the differences of life events stress and mental health between the middle school students with different resilience levels, it is showed that the scores in life events stress and its six factors of the students in the group with high resilience are significantly lower than those of low resilience group, and the students in the group with high resilience have lower scores in mental health and its factors of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression, study stress, maladaptation, emotional imbalance, psychological imbalance.4. The middle school students' resilience level and life events stress both have good predictive effects on mental health, and resilience plays an intermediary role between life events stress and mental health.