The Research For Sentence Patterns Of The Dialect In Dali

Dali is located in west part of Yunnan province. The dialect in Yunnan belongs to official language of Southwest in Northern dialectal area and the dialect in Dali is a branch of Yunnan dialect. This dissertation focuses on the current grammar system of the dialect in Dali and discusses the four most significant sentence patterns in the whole grammar system:interrogative sentence,negative sentence,sentence with passive voice and sentence with consecutive predicates.Interrogative sentence includes'GE VP' question sentences,'ME' sentences,'ZA' sentences and specific interrogations.'GE VP' means enquiry between speakers and audience. It can be used as predicate, object, subject, complement, attributive and adverbial. The feature of' GE VP' is that interrogative adverb 'GE' should be added before predicate to construct question sentence. There are four versions of 'GE VP':'GESHI VP','GEYOU VP',' GEXIAO VP'and'GENENG VP'.'ME' phrases act as A-not-A question and alternative question in the dialect in Dali and the concrete form is'ME/MESHI/MEHAISHI'.'ME/MESHI/MEHAISHI' construction serves as subject, predicate, object, complement and adverbial. 'ZA' is a kind of interrogative sentences in which' ZA (GE)' acts as interrogative adverb to express the meaning of 'what' .'ZA (GE)' comes before verbs and adjectives, the sentence is short and the mood is arbitrary. Specific interrogation is another kind of interrogative sentences which includes specific adverbs such as 'which' and 'when'. This sentence pattern is similar to the specific interrogation of Chinese Mandarin, and the only difference consists in interrogative adverbs. According to different objects of the question, it can be divided into human, events, time, etc.Negative sentences include labeled negative sentences and non-labeled negative sentences. Labeled negative sentences mean direct negations which include privative words such as 'no' and 'impatient'. In contrast, there are no direct negations in non-labeled negative sentences and the expression is unobvious in general. This dissertation puts emphasis on vocabulary and pragmatics: negative verbs and negative adjectives act as negative meanings in vocabulary aspect and negative meanings in specific language situation in pragmatic aspect (including four statement types:positive sentence, interrogative sentence, imperative sentence and exclamatory sentence; and another negative type which is expressed by means of the mood of end of the sentence.Negative sentences include labeled passive sentences and non-labeled passive sentences. Labeled passive sentences mainly focus on passive prepositions such as 'ZHAO','JIAO','GEI' and 'RANG'. Non-labeled passive sentences put stress on passive verbs and comparing with recipient subject.Sentences with consecutive predicates are including several consecutive predicates types of the dialect in Dali and the unique construction:'V1+V2+N'. This dissertation analyzes the semantic relationship of sentences with consecutive predicates and the components before or after predicate verbs and then, explores the origin of 'V1+V2+N'construction.