The Research On The Gender Constancy Development Of 3-6 Years Old Children And Sexual Education

From conception to birth and growth, gender is along with individual's whole development. Establishment and development of gender roles are important to the socialization of children and personality development. Children's gender development includes gender concept, gender stereotypes and gender behavior. Gender constancy includes gender identity, gender stability and gender consistency. Gender constancy is the basis of developing the following gender concepts and actions. Exploring the characteristics of gender constancy and doing appropriate sexual education have important theoretical and practical significance. 3-6 years old is an important stage in establishing the gender roles for children. At this stage, kindergarten is an important place besides children's home for training gender awareness, establishing gender constancy and knowing other gender knowledge. Therefore, doing sexual education which includes gender constancy is an effective way to children's gender roles.The purpose of the research are: (1) knowing the parents and teachers'attitude on sexual education; (2) researching the characteristics of 3-6 years old children's gender constancy; (3) designing a sexual education program ,which bases cognitive development theory and can work for groups of children. The pre-research selected 100 children's parents from Shijiazhuang and 6 kindergarten teachers. The first research selected 171 children, the second research selected 120children( male 60, female 60), who were from the first research. The following conclusions are drawn from this research:(1)There are significant age differences on children's recognition of gender constancy, stability and consistency. 3 years old children can establish the concept of gender identifty. 3 years old children can establish gender stability and it is fully stable at 6. The promot speed of gender consistency is slow. Children can't set up until 6 years old. Overall, the 6-year-old Children's gender constancy grows rapidly. There are significant difference between6 years old children and others.(2) The gender constancy have no significant differences between two genders.(3) After the sexual education, the gender constancy and sexual knowledge had been developed. The scores of gender consistency was higher than before. After the sexual education, children knew some sexual knowledge and how to take care for themselves.