The Annotation Of Kexue Ci

Cao Zhenji was a prominent writer of poem and Ci in the literary circles of the early days of Qing Dynasty. He has made an outstanding achievement in the creation of Ci. His Kexue Ci included two volumes and one supplement. Three events left great influence on his life and creation: the loss of his three relatives: the death of his father in his childhood, the pass away of his grandfather in his youth and the accidental death of his brother in his adulthood, the failure in the imperial civil examination and politics and the impoverished and fragile life, all these attributed to his frustrated and unhappy life. His poems gave full expressions to his deep feelings and perception on life involving the sigh over the ups and downs in officialdom and the life as a dream, his feelings for his hometown, relationship and friendship, the sentiments on the rise and fall of the nation and hope for a peaceful and quiet life. Kexue Ci had a great influence on the literary circles in the Qing Dynasty and was of great significance. He advocated innovation and opposed imitation in his Ci writing, and composed a lot of Ci, which integrated the recalling of ancient time with the expression to things, put forward new conceptions with the ancient rhythm and thus were of great innovation. The style of Kexue Ci is elegant, refined and musing. These works conveyed the poet's sigh and nostalgia for personal experience and the country. In artistic expression, there was picture in Ci and fusion of feelings with natural setting. It gave a vivid depiction of the natural setting, which embodied his creation and profound thoughts. The language of Kexue Ci was elegant and fluid. While borrowing the verses and allusions of former time, it was natural and appropriate. All these proved the writer an expert in language. The style of Cao Zhenji was unique, different from the Yangxian and Zhexi schools. He made his great contribution to the renaissance of Ci and played an important role in the Ci writing in the early periods of Qing Dynasty. His Kexue Ci left an ineffaceable merit upon that time and later ages. When the new China was built, great attention was not attached to the research on Cao Zhenji in academic circles and this is sure to be changed.