Research Into The Conflicts Of The Water Conservancy And Water Fee In The Dujiang Dam Irrigation Areas During The Republic Of China

Dujiang Dam is one of the greatest irrigation works built in ancient times which locates in Sichuan Province. Its establishment plays an extremely importance role to the exploiture of Chengdu Plain, and the development of the politics, economy and culture of Chengdu Plain as well. It cannot be denied that Dujiang Dam is a great miracle in water conservancy history. Going through more than 2,200 years, it has, so far, been generating enormous project benefit.A lot of domestic and international scholars thus have carried on a great number of researches into Dujiang Dam. This paper holds the point of view that the unfailing reason of Dujiang Dam is closely related to the water fee system of the irrigation areas of the Dujiang Dam. We find that the collection of the water fee is indispensable to the maintenance and the management of the Dujiang Dam irrigation works. This paper, therefore, focuses on the water fee, narrows down the study within the period of the Republic of China, probes into the ways of collecting the water fee, the management organs, management measures and the relations between the irrigation works and the development of the irrigation areas during the period of the Republic of China. In this way this paper explores the conflicts in the collection and management of the water fee and a series of social conflicts caused by them during the period of the Republic ofChina, and reflects a profile of the social state and people's living situation of the Dujiang Dam irrigation areas at that time.The paper is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the relevant domestic and international research results of water fee system of the Dujiang Dam irrigation areas, and the research approaches and thoughts of this text. The second part it makes an introduction of the water conservancy in the Dujiang Dam irrigation areas before the period of the Republic of China at first, then expounds the historicai gradual progress of the water fee system of the Dujiang Dam according to the clues of the reasons, the ways of collecting the water fee and the development characteristic of the water fee system in details. The third part introduces the situation of the Dujiang Dam irrigation areas during the period of the Republic of China at first, and then illustrates the collection channels and the management of the water fee during that period, among which it attaches great importance to the introduction of the improvement methods and measures of the water fee management. At the end of this part, it also probes into the relations between the water fee system and the Dujiang Dam irrigation areas. Regarding the water fee as the focus, the fourth part describes the water conservancy disputes in the irrigation areas during the period of the Republic of China. Based on a great number of cases, this part summarizes the water disputes of Dujiang Dam irrigation areas into two types, namely the disputes between the upriver counties and the downriver counties and the disputes of the canal dams within one county. And then this paper analyzes the conflicts revealed by the water conservancy disputes, namely the conflicts between the government and the people, the conflicts among the people in Dujiang Dam areas, and the conflicts among these people and other social groups. On this basis, this paper probed deeply into the reasons that cause the water conservancy disputes in the irrigation areas.Based on the studies of the above-mentioned chapters, this paper arrives at a conclusion finally: The water fee system of the Dujiang Dam irrigation areas has its own characteristics during the period of the Republic of China; The water fee system is an indispensable guarantee to the maintenance and development of the Dujiang Dam irrigation areas during the period of the Republic of China; The essence of the water conservancy dispute in the irrigation areas during the period of theRepublic of China is, in fact, the fights for the water rights; The conflicts reflected by the water conservancy disputes in Dujiang Dam irrigation areas during the Republic of China reveals an epitome of the social state at that time; The water fee problem is the most important reason of the water conservancy disputes in the Dujiang Dam irrigation areas during the period of the Republic of China.