Cen Yuying And The Negotiations Of Yunnan-Vietnam Border Affair Between Sino-French (1885～1887)

CenYuying was a distinguished personages in the history of Zhuang'race. He was promted from County magistrate,governor of Yunnan province, until the governor of Yunnan-Guizhou because he suppresses the people of all nationalities of Guizhou and Yunnan Provinces and rises in revolt, participated in the Sino-French war and the negotiations of Yunnan and Vietnam border affair between Sino-French etc. After the Sino-French wars, CenYuying who holds the governor of Yunnan-Guizhou, participated in the border's negotiations actively, worked hard for defending motherland territory, and occupled to pivotal position in the course of the negotiations. The study centred mainly in the Sino-French wartime about CenYuying, Yet it almost had people refered to his contribution in the border affair's negotiations between Sino-French after the war. In the view of this, this text drafts and collates the circle in order to investigate in time slot with the border affair's negotiations between Sino-French during 1885~1887 years, is it probe into Cen Yuying measure and gain and loss of this historical incident to come, analyse historical status and social influence. The full text is made up of the following 5 respects content mainly: The first part investigation the historical's background of he negotiations of Yunnan—Vietnam border affair Between Sino-French before. The forming of the Sino-Vietnam border is a long change course. The Period of Ming and Qing, because two country feudal ruler for selfish desire of meeting, each other both sides went on the border war. Make two countrys border for question left over from history, become the reason of border affair negotiations after the war to latter stage of Qing Dynasty. In the Sino-French wars, because of the corruption of the Qing Government, cause china to "frustrate unbeatenly ", absurd final result which France "wins very "; France because domestic and cranky, in addition, economy decline and strength drop, is it finish border of collating in order to Make room hands and suppress the Vietnamese people's resistance, realize robing the economic purpose to the enrich resources of Yunnan—Guizhou; the Resistance struggle of the Vietnam's people make France to be unable to consolidate their in interconnected system; The Chinese court and the commonalty are generally discontented with the failure of the war too, hope the Qing Government tries hard to keep the territory not to lose in the border's negotiations. Under such a historical background, The negotiations of Yunnan—Vietnam border affair Between Sino-French at the beginning. The second part Sum up various kinds of previous preparatory work of the negotiations border affairs between Sino-French, analyse from The tactics planning, Take action and fix up and psychology replying. He proposes "insisting on protecting the thought of Vassal state of the fan and trying hard to keep offer sacriffices to the gods or the spirits of the dead and does not dieing"; "rows BeiQi and belongs to me first, put and cross the people; Such theory tacticses as deposit 'Outuo', with the firm frontier"; And then need according to the border affair, think of danger in times of safety, deploy troops on garrison duty on the way, is it survey to despatch general to send someone feeling with clear the border's condition, establish newly telegram row so as to the favourable boundary, still select the virtuous and appoint the able constantly, prepare the action well arrangement at the stability border; Meanwhile, he finishes and insists on the definite opinion, accepts the popular feelings too psychologically, prepares in accordance with people, abundance of fighting for every inch of land, These plan to win the victory to vie for the first chance in order that we in the negotiations of border affair. The third part have Explain the concrete activity that Cen Yuying at three different stages of the negotiations border affairs between Sino-French in detail. In the course of carrying on negotiations, the ones that made all-out efforts in Cen Yuying matched the activity of the border affairs minister, paying close attention to French side's tendency constantly, making the countermeasure; put forward the negotiation principle of "accepting the Dulong and Nandan"of corresponding to reality, in order to raise the frontier; In the face of the emperor of arrogant France, he adheres to the definite opinion, replies flexibly, make the border affair bring to carry on negotiations to a happy ending. Meanwhile, Cen Yuying pays attention to The war situations of Britain and Burma especially, Stability the border of Burma and of Yunnan, offer the steady environment for the fact that the negotiations border affairs between Sino-French. Have also judged the position, skill and gain and loss in the negotiation of Cen Yuying in the article. The fourth part Analyse that remote historical influence of Yunnan in the negotiations border affairs between Sino-French, the prosperity of promoting the development of capitalism of Yunnan at first and foreign trade, development of the strong amazing economy of Yunnan; it made China regain some frontier strategic points to the negotiations border affairs secondly , seize the favorable terrain for the national defence of Yunnan, force the Qing Government to build the rising space agenda in the frontier of Yunnan even more, impel the defence of Yunnan to be improved and consolidated finally;Moreover, in order to meet the negotiation of border affairs and need of national defense construction, the traffic of Yunnan and communications industry are developed and perfected progressively; In the face of the crazy invasion in Yunnan, the people of Yunnan of all nationalities save the nation from extinction consciousness emerges day by day. Finally, this text used the method to compare, probed into Cen Yuying and his concrete gain and loss in this historical activity, analyse in detail, in order to warn the descendant. This text point out though there are weak points of Cen Yuying in the negotiations border affair between Sino-French, there is limitation of its class. But he has regarded one's own practical action as and defended the territory and does not lose, has made diligent efforts, deserve to be called the patriotic heroes of Chinese nation.