The Policy For The Aged Of The Ming Dynasty

The Ming Dynasty at the beginning of the founding of the nation, vigorously implements the policy cares for the aged, and in inherits all previous dynasties policy in the foundation, also has developed and formerly the different content, gives special care to 60 year old of above old person implements to entire country. Safeguards for theirs old age life, enable them always to have raises, always has an end, always has uses. This also has the model function to the later generation. The policy of the Ming Dynasty cares for the aged. This article is precisely in view of this point, to carry on the inspection once again.This article divides into four parts in the structure.The first part outlined the reason why the Ming Dynasty government authorities to implement the policy cares for the aged. In Chinese tradition the idea "filial piety" is extremely thick. Therefore cares for the aged policy all previous dynasties all to have, it is Chinese nation's fine tradition history accumulates. The Ming Dynasty's Neo-Confucianism masters were also theoretically proposing "filial piety" standard and simply filial piety the old person idea. Impelled the Ming Dynasty in the ideology domain to the policy of care for the aged implementation. The government authorities also use the policy to take controls the method to the basic unit society. Fully uses senior citizen's production, the experience of life, displays them in the central committee and at place political affair ability and the prestige, lets them assist rules.The second part mainly elaborated the policy content of The Ming Dynasty cares for the aged. It is mainly composed by the reverence for elders, cares for the aged two aspects.First, the Ming Dynasty government authorities' reverence for elders policy is comforts in the spirit for the senior citizen. Mainly includes gives favored treatment to the old aged official, lets the old aged official continues to be in office, and in the period gives them favored treatment. Gives favored treatment to the retirement old aged official, when them retires, bestows them for the honor. Bestowed to the official who has not source of income for the money, gives them safeguard. Visiting senior citizen, regarding old has the morals person regularly. Calls for an interview with the senior citizen, through the old moral high person about understood the place special details, achieve mutually understood. Selects the old aged official, selects the folk old person for the lower level official or the central committee officials. Restores the township to drink wine the ritual, use this to carry out the royal government the Confucianism. The praise senior citizen, bestows to the folk ordinary senior citizen for the title, give them honors. Relaxes the penalty to the old person, the government authorities to senior citizen crime processing, implement treats leniently, and involve to theirs descendants, lets them go home attends on their elders.Second, the Ming Dynasty government authorities the policy for care for the aged, is guarantees on the matter to senior citizen's supplies. Mainly includes gives favored treatment to the ordinary old person, the old people may on time receive the rice meat clothing granting, moreover the basis age and the property difference, grants the quantity is also different; The relief old and alone person, the establishment raises aids the courtyard placement old person who has not direct line relative's, and also encourages the folk adoption, the old person to help oneself and the relative neighbor adoption; gives favored treatment to the old serviceman, frequently bestows for the old serviceman goods, moreover to serviceman's old parents which already died in battle also gives them favored treatment; rescues old person in famine, when supplies food, enables the old person to be allowed as far as possible to eat to the full, and rewards the person who adopts old person; The suppression does not care for the aged person's person——Buddhist priest, strictly controls Buddhist priest's quantity, if their parents nobody waits on raises, then lets them return to secular life supports the family; Punishes the unfilial person, generally does not forgive.The third part mainly elaborated the Ming Dynasty to practice the policy cares for the aged in the social various social strata, the society cared for the aged the tradition to urge the government authorities to the policy cares for the aged appearing. First, emperor's clan. Emperor also is gives favored treatment suitably to the emperor's clan interior old person.Second, official. In the Ming Dynasty's official opposite party old person may go home supports and takes office near home to raises. The official is may ask for leave to go home visiting, delivering senior citizen in the family. This has all reflected to the diplomatic relation and old person's value. Third, ordinary senior citizen. The folk appeared the quantity multitudinous loyal son, filial woman. This period, each place also emerged the massive not correct filial behaviors. This kind of wrong behavior is also one kind of unique China culture in the history.The fourth part mainly elaborated the Ming Dynasty policy to care for the aged characteristic and the function. First, the Ming Dynasty carried out quite practically policy had own characteristic. Sex difference; Social stratum difference; Cares for the aged the age standard to be high; Reveres elders and cares for the aged union; Develops the many kinds of ways to carry on cares for the aged; The policy to care for the aged regularity and the lifelong. Second, the Ming Dynasty policy to care for the aged both have the positive effect, and the negative effect. Its positive role mainly has following three aspects. First, senior citizen's old age life obtained the safeguard. Second, has initiated the social prevailing custom which the reverence for elders, cares for the aged. Third, stably played to the country the certain role. The negative effect mainly has following two aspects: First, the Ming Dynasty policy to care for the aged itself decides in society's old person has not certainly obtained the complete support. Second, the Ming Dynasty policy to care for the aged performer's quality to decide its validity.Conclusion: Realistically speaking that, the Ming Dynasty's ruler cares strongly for the aged , we can see the ruler to pour into more wisdoms and the painstaking care from the policy. But, generally speaking, the Ming Dynasty the policy cares for the aged while to receive the result, also has many negative factors. Because of this, it only then should continue to discuss and to study, a deeper level excavates its superiority and inferiority, the later generation cares for the aged as a means of when processing the question study and model.