The Study On The Temporary Superior Court In Song Dynasty

Zhikanyuan (The Temporary Superior Court) was a temporary judicatory organization in Song dynasty. During the period of two Song dynasties, as one of the highest national judicatory organizational form , it had been played an important role in great case trials concerning appointed officials that were protracted and disputed for a long time .Zhikanyuan was one form of judging ZhaoYu in Song dynasty. the emperor established it to control the highest national jurisdiction .In it ,the judge was assigned by the emperor himself, its location is not fixed and depend on the emperor's will completely. Its function was to judge major countrywide criminal cases which mostly involved officials under the authority of the emperor. Zhikanyuan had a strict trial procedure , took multiplicate supervisory measures and set up a term of trial.. This system had a great influence on Song Society. it not only effectively appeased The clique struggle in the court, but also brought new contents to the legal system of Song dynasty. But its abuses were quite obvious, the phenomenon that it illegally inquisited the prisoners were greatly serious, furthermore it was gradually controlled by the powerful and imperious prime ministers, and eventually became an implement that crackdowned the opposite.