Comparative Study Of Copulative Opposoie Compound Word In Chinese And That In Japanese

This paper started with compound words in Chinese and Japanese, and selected opposite compounds from compound words and carried out a series of contrastive study, on the basis of collecting information about opposite compounds in Chinese and Japanese. Because it doesn't have the clear concept of opposite compounds in Japanese at present, the words in Japanese which are equivalent with the opposite compounds in Chinese are defined as opposite compounds.In modern Chinese, there is a kind of copulative compound words, which consist of two one-syllable morphemes that have contrary or relative meanings, are called opposite compounds, and also called contradictory. Opposite compounds are analysed from the meaning of the morphemes which the opposite compounds consist of, outstand the antagonistic features of the object, represent two aspects of unities and opposites. Because antonyms are always used together, they are developed into opposite compounds gradually and make into an interwoven unit. Opposite compound is a unity of opposites, the opposites of antonyms are trivialized, the unities of objects are strengthened.Opposite compounds are the words with a long history, existed in oracle sporadically, and initial scale in qin dynasty, come down and develop in the every period of Chinese history, and often used in written language and spoken language of modern Chinese. Opposite compound is an important kind of words, can be used to constitute more senior words, for example:ancient and modern Chinese and foreign, life and death, stay day and night. Combinative Phrases composed of Two Antonyms is a very important word formation during the developing of Chinese. Western languages like English,French,German don't have this kind of word formation. Although Japan is great impacted by ancient Chinese culture and Japanese is also great impacted by Chinese, and because of the difference between word formation,culture of China and Japan, there are a lot of differences between compound words in Chinese and Japanese. Because the characteristic of compound words formation is determined that they are limited in quantities, opposite compounds are limited in the whole vocabulary, and can't aroused academia's attention all the time. Expect till the 1980's, only several articles about this kind of words were published, Besides that, the articles about antonyms and compound words also touched on a little about opposite compound, but were all scattered didn't make a comprehensive and in-depth study. Opposite compound is a kind of word that is always used and overlooked for a long time. So that understanding their meanings deeply, mastering their rules and using these words exactly will play an important part in the Japanese language education study and communication.