American Policy Toward China During World War Ⅱ

During World Warâ…¡, American policy toward China has been the issue of historians study. U.S. policy toward China during the war not only played a supporting role in defeating the Japanese aggressors, but also had more important influence on Chinese post-war situation, even the entire Far East. This paper intends to do an analysis U.S. on policy toward China in Roosevelt times which was subject to change. But the policy was adjusted around short-term objective and long-term objective.This time in history can be divided into two phases, the first phase 1933-1941,during the Japanese invasion of China; the second phase 1941-1945, the Pacific War. Since the policy was difficult to cut with the incident, the policy was wary with the situation of the Pacific War. At the beginning of the war, China's strategic position was a base for bombing Japan. After a series of victories of U.S. Army, Chinese strategic position was declined. The status of China was difficult to maintain by a series of battlefield defeat of Kuomintang.The Burma battlefield which communicated between China and the outside world was falled. Britain was unwilling to fight in coordination with the USA and China because of the British worried about China became stronger after the recovery of Myanmar. It was difficult to carry out. the North Burma campaign as the conflicts between Chiang Kai-shek and Stilwell's. The United States found that it was difficult to find a balance point, because of the desperate attack of Japan and Chiang Kai-shek's very strong desire for power. Roosevelt eventually had to withdraw Stilwell. At the same time Roosevelt took a series of measures in politics to improve China's international status. Articles would analysis the policy in three aspects:political, economic, and military. The long-term objective was priority. In the beginning U.S. was the largest supplier of Japan and gave China's interests away to Soviet on Yalta conference for the support to Chiang Kai-shek government. China committed an honor which so-called big-power status. China could become a partner of the U.S.for the balance of the Far East. It also could be a huge economic market for the U.S.in the Far East.We should pay attention not only to the positive effects for a series of aid policies but also long-term strategic objective. Actually, the aids played an important role in victory of the war against fascism. But United States had asked China pin down the Japanese army. In the process, the fundamental basis of its foreign policy was always remained the same.