Under the conditions of market economy, we must use the market mechanism to protect the environment, cultivate essential environmental market, set up economy inspirit system and mobilize the enthusiasm of principal part of the market .As the legalized economic system, the emission rights trading has been used in developed countries at large, part areas in our country have tried to make experiments. The text points out several basic issues related on emission rights trading, including total amount control, emission license and application of emission rights abroad. Combining Chinese present problems on applying system of emission rights trading and several cases on emission rights trading in some cites, the thesis explains that it is necessary and promising that emission rights trading is applied in China. This system also has its efficient base and condition. The author demonstrates the probable problems that will arise when emission rights trading is applied in China and puts forward framework of environmental legislation accordingly, which can lead to Chinese scholars' harsh debates on emission rights trading. This will perfect the system little by little and make it play an important role in environmental field, balancing the economic development and environmental protection.
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