A Study On The Prohibition Of Nuclear Test In The Period Of Eisenhower 's Government

Since they appeared,nuclear weapons has been one of the most important factors that affect international security. Therefore nuclear safety strategy was always an important part of nuclear security strategy. In order to maintain the nuclear monopoly, the United States proposed a ban on nuclear testing. When Eisenhower took office, he put forward a "new look" security policy and he paid close attention to the role of nuclear deterrence in the military field particularly, so his administration posed the strategy of massive retaliation. But compared to the Truman administration’s strict policy of nuclear secrecy, the Eisenhower administration proposed nuclear sharing policy, advocating to solve the problem of nuclear proliferation through consultations with the Soviet Union. Especially, under the pressure of the world anti-nuclear movement, the US and the USSR government conducted a series of negotiations nuclear test ban. Because of the Serious disagreement within the US government in terms of negotiating objectives and the implementation process, combing with a serious distrust between the Soviet Union and other reasons, the negotiations ultimately failed. But the Eisenhower administration’s initially trying on the nuclear test ban issue provided helpful advice and assistance for the Kennedy administration.This paper is divided into four parts: the first chapter, the origin of the test-ban negotiations.Truman administration carried out "nuclear security policy" strictly.Sticking to the former policy after Eisenhower took office, he prevented other countries from obtaining a nuclear weapon rigidly.The second chapter analyzes the reason of the Eisenhower administration test-ban negotiations with the Soviet union.First of all, after the "Lucky Dragon" event which happened in1953,there was rising the world’s anti-nuclear movement, it is a factor in the negotiations.Secondly, the Soviet union gained greater assertiveness since 1957, when the successful launch of the world’s first man-made satellite, it begain to take diplomatic offensive and announced a unilateral moratorium on nuclear testing firstly, which formed certain pressure for America.Finally, in 1957, President’s Science Advisory Board changed, preventing nuclear test ban negotiations on power weaken.The third chapter discusses the test-ban negotiations during the Eisenhower administration.This chapter focuses on discussion and analysis in time and space,such as the United States government internal debate on the negotiation of test-ban,coordination with its allies-United Kingdom before the nuclear-test-ban negotiations in Geneva as well as the fighting with the Soviet Union, and analyze the failure reasons, etc..The last part is epilogue,thinking and evaluating.the Eisenhower administration test-ban negotiation.