The Study Of The Difficulties And Development Of The Hempel’s Covering Law Model

Since the twentieth century, with the rapid development of science, our reflection onscience itself is also increasingly deepened, so the philosophy of science have also been rapiddevelopment.Therefore, scientific explanation (Another translation: scientific interpretation)has become an important task of science. People’s understanding of scientific explanation haschanged It is the in-depth and systematic research about scientific explanation of Hempel hasplayed a key role in transition.In1948,he and Oppenheim co-authored an article named "Studies in the Logic ofExplanation",and proposed a DN explanation models (Deductive Nomological Model).In1965,Hempel proposed the IS model (Inductive-Statistic Model) in his another artistical"Aspects Scientific of Explanation".These two important models are regarded as standardmodel of scientific explanation.Because of citing the law, the two models are also called thecovering law model.But by the1980s in the last century, due to numerous counter-examples and variousalternatives being put forward,the covering law model which were regarded as a standardmodel has been overthrown.The model itself exists a series of "congenital defects".And Theprimary cause of this dilemma is on insurmountable theoretical deficiencies of logicalempiricism itself.Such as difficulty of involving items which is not related,and difficulty ofsymmetry between explanans and explanandum, and difficulty of High probability,and notsuccess in explaining history events.The main roots of difficulties are paying too muchattention to research of logical form,and the one-side understanding of the law,and regardingthe scientific explanation as the answer to the why-questions.Through analysis of the plight of Hempel covering law model roots, we proposed thesubject belief explanation model to solve the problems.It replace traditional semantics withcognitive context,and pay attention the effects of persons(include interpreter and receiver),andthe effects of psychology of persons are the key points.A combination of both of the subjectbelief and cognitive context can solve the fundamental problem of hempel’s explanationmodel,so the subject belief explanation model is a good alternative scheme.