The Study On The Remote Sensing Information Extraction Of Ecological Land And Grid Management

Land resources is an indispensable important resource, because it can maintain human, animals and plants survival and development. Meanwhile, ecological land is an important part of land resources, it has an important impact on regional ecological environment and ecological security. It has threatened the regional land ecological security as the population growth and agglomeration, the rapid development of urbanization, industrialization and the deterioration of the ecological environment. However, ecological land plays an increasingly important role in the protection of regional ecological security and improve the environmental quality of people’s lives as people’s awareness of environmental protection. Ecological land use and management is an important research content to build "resource-saving and environment-friendly" society, it is also an important guarantee for sustainable economic and social development. It provided assurance to achieve ecological land monitoring accuracy and timeliness with the development of remote sensing technology and the grid technology emergence. It also provided technical support for the realization of land and resources information management transition from extensive to refinement.We selected the Dumeng District of Hei Longjiang as the study area for the rich land use type and fragile ecological environment. Carry out ecological land remote sensing information extraction and ecological land grid management research is guided by sustainable use of theory and land ecology theory. And built the ecological land classification system from a functional point of land, using high-resolution remote sensing images, the 3S technology, remote sensing information extraction technology and grid technology. The main contents and results of the study are as follows:(1)Construction of ecological land classification system. The central role of ecological land is to play the ecological function and regional ecological environment protection. The paper will divide the 3 class category ecological land into wetland, green land and ecology of ecological land with the functionality and land use as a starting point both land use classification of remote sensing information extraction operability after the findings of previous ecological land classification. The type of wetland ecological land has important ecological service value, it should be banned and strictly protected; the strict protection and prohibited development; The type of green ecological land plays an important role in the aspects of regulating regional climate, windbreak and sand-fixation and soil and water conservation, should be given priority to protect and strengthen; Due to the vulnerability, the repair type of ecological land should be given priority with management and repair. The ecological land classification system covers comprehensive, and easy to carry out remote sensing dynamic monitoring, it has strong operability in practice, conducive to Differentiation and grid management.(2)To carry out ecological land remote sensing information extraction and verify the accuracy based on 3S technology. According to the established ecological land classification system, Using supervised classification, object-oriented and superposition of DEM object-oriented information extraction method to extract the level 2 class ecological land based on SPOT5 images, field validation sample precision by using 3S technology, comparative analysis of different information extraction methods of ecological land extraction result and precision. The experiments show that : The information extraction overall accuracy of the three methods is 77.33%, 85.67% and 89.67% respectively; Compared with the supervised classification, the object-oriented classification accuracy significantly increased, and the phenomenon of "salt and pepper" has reduced significantly; Information extraction method based on the object and the DEM is applicable to the proportion of wetland ecological land information extraction. Using the object-oriented and visual interpretation method of combining to extract he subclasses of ecological land classification system, the efficiency and accuracy of extraction can be extracted simultaneously.(3)Ecological land grid division and coding research. Based on the meshing principle, from the goal of ecological land for grid construction and management, using the combination of irregular grid and regular grid to divide the ecological land of study area for the grid. and use the 21 code coding structure on the grid cell. The coding structure is simple, intuitive, and with a ground code has good inheritance. The results show that, the grid with 2.5km×2.5km can meet the requirements of ecological land types relative equilibrium between grid, the grid scale can better meet the north county scale grid management of ecological land demand.(4)Ecological land grid facilities is to ensure that the grid management thoughts can be come true, the construction of grid management information platform, the development of interactive information system platform and hand-held mobile terminal, the construction of supervision and evaluation system, for the ecological land grid management and monitoring to provide technical support clear, orderly and efficiently.