| Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are a class of emerging environmental pollutants,which are commonly used in the production of fabrics, carpets, surfactants because of theirchemical stability and water-oil resistance. There have been growing concern about PFCs inthe field of environment, animals and human body. The objective of this dissertation is toinvestigate the characteristic of perfluorinated compounds contamination in typical industriesusing PFCs in China. It consists of the following five chapters.1. This chapter reviews the production and use in typical industries of PFCs in China, aswell as the pollution status and distribution of PFCs in various environmental matrixes.2. The levels of PFCs in69human blood samples collected from barbershops in Tianjinand textill mill in Shandong province were studied in this chapter. PFOA and PFOS were thepredominant PFCs, and the average concentrations of PFOS in the blood from textile workersand barbers were5.73μg/L and2.55μg/L respectively. As for PFOA, the averageconcentrations were5.46μg/L and2.84μg/L respectively. Generally speaking, the averageconcentrations of PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS and PFDA in textile workers were two times higherthan those of barbers. So the textile workers may face higher exposure of PFCs than barbers.The influence of gender and age on PFC concentration in blood was also investigated, PFCconcentration was generally higher in males than in females. But the results showed that therewas no statistically significant difference in samples from people with different ages.3. In the third chapter we investigated the occurrence of PFCs in dust samples fromtypical indoor environment in Tianjin and Beijing.10kinds of PFCs were found in the dustsamples and the detection frequency of PFBA and PFOA were100%. The mean concentrationof PFBA and PFOA were30.19ng/g and29.97ng/g. Generally speaking, the meanconcentrations of PFOA in this study are compared to those reported previously. However, theaverage concentration of PFBA was found at30.19ng/g, which was higher than one in dustfrom previous report. The concentrations of these PFCs were quite variable in different locations. We also compares estimates of dust ingestion with the tolerable daily intakes (TDIs)recommended by the European Food Safety Authority, and we found that even under themaxmum exposure, PFOS and PFOA are within the TDIs, the PFCs in dust will not harm thehuman health.4. The presence of PFCs in soil samples of Shengli Oil Field were investigated in thischapter. We collected soil samples for4years to research the pollution status of this area.PFUdA and PFOA were the predominant PFCs, with the mean concentration at1.91ng/g~6.45ng/g and1.53ng/g~3.81ng/g. The concentration of PFCs in soil samples were higherthan ones in other countries, and the concentration increased with years, which was2013＞2012＞2011＞2008.5. The occurrence and distribution of PFCs in sediment and mussel in the Huanghai Seawere investigated in the fifth chapter.14perfluorinated compounds were detected in this study,indicating that the pollution is widespread in the Huanghai Sea. It was found thatperfluorobutyric acid (PFBA) was the most prominent PFC in sediment samples, whichaccounted for more than36.31%of total PFCs. The concentration of PFBA was in the rangeof3.87ng/g~25.20ng/g with the mean concentration at11.57ng/g, which is higher than thosefrom other researches. While for the mussel samples, the concentrations of PFCs were quitevariable in different species, the reason may be the difference of ingestion, metabolism,exposure level of mussels. |
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