Extraction Of Chitosan From Dobson And The Development And Application Of Chitosan Products

Background Chitosan has many unique functions and characteristics, so it has been widelyused in environmental protection, food production, medicine manufacture, function materialmaking, textile industry, agriculture, and forestry. It has great economic value and broadprospects. At present, the main raw materials of industrial production of chitosan are shrimpand crab shell. However, the calcium content of chitosan extracted from the shrimp and crabshell is generally high, and heavy metal ions in the products can be hardly removed. As a result,it is difficult to produce highly purified chitosan. Insect, as the largest populations of biomass onearth, is a kind of renewable resource that is rich in Chitosan in the body wall, so it is one kind ofbiological resources that is worth developing. Chitosan extracted from insects is superior to theshrimp and crab shell, since it has higher purity, less calcium and heavy metal ions content,lower production cost and so on. This subject, which mainly takes Dobson as raw material toextract chitosan, determines the optimum experimental conditions, provides technical andtheoretical basis for future chitosan manufacture with insects, and promotes the application ofinsect chitosan in food industry and other new areas.Purpose In this experiment, chitin was extracted from Dobson by acid-base method. Afterwards,chitosan was highly purified from chitin. Extracted chitosan was applied to the lactone tofuprocessing and new solid teeth membrane making. Through the process, the solid toothmembrane process was designed so as to provide the basis for practical production.Methods Chitin was extracted by Dobson in acid-base method, and then, chitosan was collectedfrom Dobson chitin deacetylation reaction. Using single factor experiments and orthogonal tests,parameters for the best dobson chitin and chitosan extraction process were determined. Extracteddobson chitosan was applied to the machining process of lactone tofu. Using single factorexperiment and orthogonal test, best formula of chitosan kelp lactone tofu and balsam pear lactone tofu were determined. Dobson chitosan was applied to producing solid tooth membranewith traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Using single factor experiment and orthogonal test,the optimum formula of solid tooth membrane was determined; the process ofsolid tooth membrane was demonstrated and material balance was calculated.Result Chitin was extracted by Dobson in acid-base method, through the single factorexperiment and orthogonal test to determine the optimal parameters for protein removal as theconcentration of NaOH was10%, reaction temperature80℃, reaction time3h. Through thesingle factor experiment, to determine the optimal parameters for the removal of inorganic saltconcentration of HCl was14%, at room temperature, the reaction time is50min. Through thesingle factor experiment, the optimum process parameters were determined for extractingchitosan dobson chitin as the concentration of NaOH was50%, reaction temperature110℃, reaction time3h. The experimental obtain rate is28%dobson chitin, chitosan is21%.Chitosan is applied to the lactone tofu, through the single factor experiment and orthogonal test,determines the best process formulation and process parameters for: GDL adding amount was0.25%, kelp juice adding amount was10%, chitosan adding quantity0.01%, heat settingtemperature is70℃. Chitosan was applied to solid tooth membrane, adopt the method of singlefactor experiments and orthogonal test, determine the gel type traditional Chinese medicine thebest technology of solid tooth membrane formulation and process parameters: chitosan solutionfor67%, gelatin solution for22%, solid tooth membrane liquid is11%, heating drying time of2.5h. Process task for the solid tooth membrane were demonstrated and material balance relatedcalculation.Conclusion Through the research on the extraction of dobson chitosan, determined the optimumextraction process, the experimental obtain rate of28%dobson chitin, chitosan was21%. Toobtain chitosan lactone tofu, the best technological parameters for GDL from experiment is0.25%, bitter kelp juice for10%, chitosan content is0.01%, heat setting temperature is70℃.Experiment to obtain optimum parameters of solid tooth membrane for chitosan solution for67%, gelatin solution for22%, Chinese medicine liquid solid teeth membrane is11%, heating drying time of2.5h. Subject after process argumentation and material balance, the solid toothmembrane with practical production.