The Cultivated And Applied Research Of The Three-dimensional Anodic Electrochemically Active Biofilms

Electrochemically active Biofilms (EABs) is the ability to directly exchange electrons between the Biofilms and the support(iron oxide, humus and electrodes, etc.). In practice, the output power density depends on the performance of the anode material. Therefore, specific surface area, surface group, resistance characteristics, affinity, capacitance characteristics and roughness is the main factor to consider to choose the effective biological carrier materials. This topic begins from the electron transfer process of three dimensional anodic electrochemical active biofilms and it mediated Cu2+biological reduction of applied research. The main results in this paper include the following aspects:1. We have successed chosing two kinds of low cost, large specific surface area, high porosity and stable chemical proerities of efficient biological carrier materials——Natural Chestnut Shell and Natural Loofah. Chestnut Shell Carbons (CSC) is a good anode material to provide the place for the growth of microorganism and adsorption carrier, loofah sponge carbon (LSC) as an anode material, the output power density is1090m-2±72mW. It is the highest power density have reported so far. It is a very promising renewable natural materials, a low cost and high performance anode can be environmental friendly materials.2. In situ polymerization has been employed to develop the nanosize PANI/loofah sponge composites——NCP-LSC, which has been reported to be an effective method to anchor nanostructured PANI to supporting materials under moderate conditions without a template. The microscale coating of carbon nanoparticles favored EET due to the enhanced interaction between the bacteria and the anode.3. The EABs provides fresh angle about biogeochemical cycles of natural environment.The findings suggest that EABs is able to deal with pollutants degradation, waste water treatment and clean energy recovery. EABs can be used for in situ repair, biosensors, renewable energy, wastewater treatment, power supply, electrochemical synthesis, etc.The last part of is paper, we have do the reserch on the pollution of the environment that Electrochemically active Biofilms can treatment especially the biological reduction of Cu2+.Analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to examine the morphology, content and state of the reduced copper in the biofilm. The results showed that the EAB could utilize acetate as electron donor to produce electrons and Cu2+was reduced to Cu or Cu+. Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) was employed to probe the toxic effects of Cu2+on the EAB. Copper toxicity on the microbes was reduced in the presence of acetate, which must result from the reduction transformation of Cu2+to less toxic Cu or Cu+. The results from this study are expected to be instructive for using EABs to stabilize and recover copper from copper-contaminated environments.