Pollution Characteristics Of Phenols And Steroids EDCs In Erhai Lake Catchment

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is a kind of compounds, which possible have negative influence on the endocrine system of human and animal. Human exposure to these substances in the environment will have long-term unpredictable effects. Natural and synthetic EDCs can be released into the environment through human, animal and industry, and they are mainly through the sewage treatment system before arriving at other medium (such as soil, surface water, sediment and groundwater, etc.). The existence of EDCs is a potential crisis to humans and the environment. In the past few decades, many scholars research become very attention to this kind of material. It is very essential that accurate determination of the concentration in the aquatic system and find the methods to eliminate them from the environment.In recent years, many major projects about key water areas of China have organized by environmentalists. Our lab also has studied the pollution of EDCs in Dianchi Lake. However, the analysis and investigation of androgen and progesterone have not been involved. Additionally, in the face of the Dianchi lake high levels of pollution of precedent, it is important that fresh water lakes were investigated and monitored as early as possible. This paper mainly study the pollution status about four kinds of phenolic EDCs, four kinds of estrogens, three kinds of androgen and progesterone in Erhai Lake basin. The research not only fills the blank about Erhai Lake research, also provide the basis and support for control of erhai Lake EDCs.(1) The water samples and surface sediments samples of 12 conventional monitoring points from Erhai Lake were analyzed in April 2012 and October, the results show that:12 kinds of EDCs total concentration in water and surface sediments from Erhai Lake were 54.93-206.47 ng/L and 35.56～105.08 ng/g dw, respectively. Compared with other lakes, the pollution level of two types of EDCs in Erhai Lake is at a level below average. Bisphenol A (BPA), estrone (E1) and dihydrotestosterone (DIHYDRO) were the main phenolic EDCs, estrogen and androgen in Erhai Lake, respectively. Expcet estriol (E3), testosterone (TEST) and progesterone (PROG), the concentration of the rest EDCs in Erhai Lake have better correlation between water and surface sediment, and the correlation coefficient (r) was more than 0.8. In April 2012 and October 2014, the pollutions of two types of EDCs were a relatively stable level. The concentrations of EDCs were relatively high in some area with dense population activity. In addition, the risk quotient (RQ) of water samples from Erhai Lake was calculated to evaluate the potential risk of two types of EDCs. El and 17-a-ethynylestradoil (EE2) were the most potential risks of two kinds of material, and should be the priority control.(2) In 8 main surround rivers of Erhai Lake, the concentration of total phenolic EDCs was ranged from 47.7 to 214.93 ng/L, with a mean of 105.35 ng/L. Total estrogen concentration was ranged from 9.12 to 101.93 ng/L, with a mean of 43.56 ng/L. Three androgen and progesterone concentrations were ranged from 9.89 to 60.98 ng/L, with a mean of 38.19 ng/L. The detection rate of phenolic EDCs was higher than steroid hormones. Compared with other regional river, the concentration level was below average. BPA, El and DIHYDRO were the main phenols, estrogens and androgens in rivers similar to Erhai water. In 2012 and 2014, the concentrations of two types of EDCs were stable level in rivers. Xizha and Wanhua rivers were detected out high concentrations of EDCs, and steroids concentrations were high in rivers from the north of Erhai Lake.(3) The concentration of total phenolic EDCs in influent of Dali wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was 330.16 ng/L, total estrogen concentrations was 141.91 ng/L. DIHYDRO, AND, TEST and PROG were 60.88 ng/L,26.65 ng/L,10.13 ng/L and 6.08 ng/L. The concentrations of BPA, E1 and DIHYDRO were relatively high, and phenolic EDCs were obviously higher than steroids EDCs. Compared with other WWTPs, the concentrations of two types of EDCs was relathely low in Dali WWTP. The removal rates of EDCs were more than 57% in Dali WWTP. 4-cumylphenol (4-CP), EE2, TEST and PROG were not detected in the effluent, and the removal rates can reach 100%. In spite of the concentrations of EDCs were reducted in WWTP, there were still a certain content of EDCs in the effluent.