Study On Risk Assessment And Coping Strategy Of Accidental Water Contamination Based On Economic Cost-benefit Analysis

After a period of extensive economic development in our country, a lot of environmental risk was accumulated, leading to frequently occurring of sudden water pollution. Because the sudden water pollution has a great deal of uncertainty about pollution scene, pollutants specimen and pollution causes, it is difficult to control and coping, caused a huge economic loss and bad social influence.The paper aims at the problems above, based on the degree of economic losses under the influence of the difficulty of emergency disposal and emergency preparation, systematic study the evaluation of emergent environmental incident economic loss evaluation, the risk assessment based on the difficulty of emergency disposal and emergency preparation level and the risk prevention and control strategy of the economy. To provide decision basis on the preparation site and degree of the coping of sudden water pollution.To characterize the loss brought by sudden water pollution, we conducted economic loss assessment. First, analyzed the loss caused by environmental pollution, including personal loss, property loss, then combined the range of economic loss with the characteristics of sudden water pollution to establish the index system of sudden water pollution accident economic loss. Whereafter,analyzed the existing economic loss calculation method and environmental value calculation method, then selected the economic loss calculation method of sudden water pollution incident which is accord with scientificity, manipulability and standardization. Finally, accounted the economic loss of the typical sudden water pollution in recent years and compared the result with published reports. indicates that this model has good applicability.To realize the risk quantitative evaluation of the threat to sensitive receptor,applied the improved analytic hierarchy process, taking risk management and control, difficulty of disposal, responding mechanism, technique reserve and materials preparation these five aspects into consideration, established a risk evaluation system based on the difficulty of emergency disposal and emergency preparation level of natural water pollution emergencies. Using the time from finding pollution to implementing emergency disposal and the time required for disposal and so on as the quantitative evaluation index of the criteria about emergency response mechanism and technique reserve level etc. Established the relationship model between the sudden water pollution risk level and each related factors such as emergency preparation level to realize the quantitative assessment of the risk of sudden water pollution risk. Finally applied the typical sudden waterpollution in recent years to the model, proved the emergency preparation has an important position in controlling the risk of sudden pollution incident. Having important significance on improving the capacity of environmental pollution risk control and sudden water pollution response in our country.Finally, conducted the economy research of the control strategy for sudden water pollution. Analyzed the cost-effectiveness of sudden water pollution prevention and risk control and emergency preparation to guide decision makers in risk management. First, analyzed the expenses of risk control and emergency preparation, then, analyzed the benefits of the implementation of the emergency measures including society, environment and economy. Established cost benefit index system of risk control and emergency preparation. In the end, using scenario building deduction method to analyze the cost-effectiveness of sudden water pollution emergency measures, indicated the significance of risk control and emergency preparation.