On The Early Qin Dynasty To The Han Dynasty Of Confucius History Status Changes

Confucius is a great educator and thinker in history of China. Nowadays, we still need to study Confucius. This paper based on the historical date, researches changing and reasons of status of Confucius which inherit from former scholar's research. The paper composed of three parts:In the first part, mainly researches the cultural and political from the Spring and Autumn to Qin dynasty. The Patriarchal system, Packet system, Ceremony system of Western Zhou Dynasty have been destroyed in the Spring and Autumn period. Confucius put forward "benevolence" and "the ritual" to restore social order. What monarchies concerned is how to make their country rich and powerful when faced with brutal wars in the Spring and Autumn period. Shang yang who proposed the policy of "agriculture and wars", adapted to the needs of The Times. They criticize the Confucianism is a disaster to the country. The shang yang's innovation which laid the foundation of the Qin dynasty. Qin shihuang established the first feudal dynasty in the history of China. Qin dynasty is short; however, the centralization of despotism had been inherited by Liu bang established the Han dynasty. It also had an influence in Ideological and cultural.In the second part, overall discusses about Confucius in the spring and autumn period, and Han dynasty. To review the change of status of Confucius in history, and this is the key point in my paper. On the basis of the analects etc pre-qin classics, earnestly summarizes the Confucius their assessment, Confucius' disciple to Confucius evaluation, Contemporaries to Confucius evaluation, Confucius's status was not very high in their hearts. Moreover, at that time the hermit to Confucius criticism in the majority. During the warring states period contend movement, In a free academic atmosphere, Confucius was criticized by Mohist, Taoist zhuang zi and school, Legalist and other critics. But in the internal confucianist, Mengzi and Xun zi esteemed Confucius and his doctrine. Especially Xun zi, Will the pre-qin six zhu zi respectively criticism, At last, he pointed out that Confucius' theory was best. Anyhow, in criticizing Confucius at the same time gradually appeared esteeming Confucius trend. During the warring states period of historical Confucius's status also is not very high. During the reign of Han wudi, Full implementation of the "Abandon all other schools, Only Confucianism", Will the Confucian classics pull to the position. In the process of the Han Confucian classics, Confucius's status was higher than other thinkers. On the other hand, Han dynasty rulers sacrificed Confucius, and gave additional to Confucius and reward Confucius's posterity, To Confucius are apotheosis. Historical status of the Han Dynasty Confucian turning point occurred.In the third part, analyze the reason for changes of the historical position of Confucius and their influence. During the warring states period, due to contend in the school development needs, among schools, among internal schools criticed each other, Confucianism and Mohism were two schools, So, Mo zi criticized Confucius, Mencius and Xunzi criticized Mo zi. Zhuangzi propagated his own theory through the Confucius that he was a authority figure. During the warring states period legalism doctrine promoted the progress of history. Qin had to continue govern the country by law. But, because the decrees was too severe, Qin dynasty died out quikly. After the Qin dynasty perished, In the early Han, people absorbed from Qin perish lessons, appeared change claim of the Qin dynasty Practice, Mainly represented by Lu jia, Jia Yi, Dong zhongshu. At last, under the suggestion of Dong zhongshu, In Han wudi period officially launched "Abandon all other schools, Only Confucianism", Set five classics doctors, Officials from study of Confucianism, Form a series of Worship of Confucius system, Confucius have achieved the status domination. Han rulers worship of Confucius, this had a profound impact on later.