Wanli Period Of The Disaster Juan System

Since ancient times,there have been a lot of natural calamities in China . In order to reduce the pecuniary loss the calamities had caused and keep the stead social order, the government in each dynasty implemented a series of policies to reduce taxation and military services , which was called ' Huang Zheng' in Chinese. One of them was ' Zai Juan' .It came up in former Qing period, got initial developed well in the East and West Han period, gradually formed in the Tang Dynasty and developed well in theMing Dynasty.This article studies mainly Zai Juan policy during the Wan Li period in the Ming Dynasty.There were many natural calamities in the Wan Li period, not only did they cause economic crises ,but also resulted in the society the turbulence . Emperor Ming Shen Zhong implemented this policy in order to lysis the economic crisis. At the same time, he relieved the people in sticken areas.How did he do? The emperor carried it out by reporting, investigating the condition of the disaster, and ascertaining the percent of reducing taxation. He mainly reduced land tax that was a large amount of money.The policy changed the indirect taxes into direct taxes, [ie.on income] during the Wan Li period.lt reflected the characteristic of the times,stressed the principle, paid attention to the ruling by laws, the procedurse and making the surveillance known to the public. Because of the influences of economy and politics during this period,great changes happened before and after implementing the policy .It had a unbalanced character.During the WanLi period,on the one hand ' Zai Juan' made the small-scale peasant economy return to normal,on the other hand it lysised the econmic crisis that had been caused by famine .it played an important part in stabilizing the feudal society and strengthening the system of enfeoffment .At the same time ,there was an obvious disadvantage in it ,that is, Emperor Ming Shen Zhong had a great individual effect on implementing it .There were many more taxes for local government than foy central bank .And what is more ,it was hard for the hunger to benefit from the policy in which there were great changes.During the course of implementation ,the effect fell short of requirement because the feudal officias became corrupt and degenerateThe ' Zai Juan' policy during the Wan Li made a summary of all the policies of Ming Dynasty and an important sign which showed that the 'Huang Zheng' system developed well. Nowadays,we can use the experience for reference.