The Nineteenth Century European Romanticism Painting

After the climax of the great revolution, the bourgeoisie and feudalistic aristocrats reached an agreement. The positive factors of the classicism's challenge to the reality have disappeared. The classical painters have all become the royal painters after the restoration of the dethroned monarch and the representatives of the academic. The term "Romanticism" became popular at that time.The original meaning of the term "Romanticism" is the stories written by Roman language, especially the legends of knight. The most outstanding artistic claim of Romanticism is to show the feelings, interests and artistic talents of an individual freely without the restraints of any forms or rules. As one kind of artistic thoughts, Romanticism opposes Classicism, however, they have close relationship as a literal movement and a trend of thought. Or we can say they two have some kind of complementary relationship. Romanticism is influenced by the Didacticism movement and appeared at the end of the 18th century. Romanticists are disappointed about the conservative way of Classicism and they put forward the loudest slogan of the bourgeoisie: " Freedom, Equality, Humanity, and the liberation of personality". Romanticism launched an attack toward the feudalistic fort. Thus Romanticism is an ideology of the bourgeoisie rising period. Its guided trend is to respect the personality, and dig out the potential ability of an individual thus to realize one's free dream.When Neo-classicism marched toward the conservative, Romanticism put forward lots of different and even opposing claims. Classicism emphases the abstract and rational description while Romanticism claims the expression of concrete feelings. The artistic representation of the Classicism is usually stylistic while Romanticism protests the individualistic. Classicism stresses the precise sketch sculpting used by lines and outlines while Romanticism put a special emphasis on the color and sculpting full of vitality used by an unrestrained brushwork.As an artistic trend of thought, Romanticism is very popular in the literary andartistic circle of Europe in 19th Century. In Germany, Romanticism has close relations with Classicism and mainly reflects in the poetry and music. Both the great poet Goethe and great musician Beethoven are great artistic masters of fusing Romanticism and Classicism together cleverly. In France, Romanticism mainly reflects in the literature and art. The representative of literature is the great writer Victor hugo, while the typical representative in art is Delacroix.The thread of The first chapter is the inchoation of the European Romanticism and the reasons of the phenomenon are discussed with the philosophical thinking mode. Later the basic characteristics, emotional factors, taste point and the motivity are analyzed and discussed one by one.The second chapter emphases on the discussion of the most representative characters of the Romantic painters of Europe Delacroix From a detailed introduction of his life experience, thoughts, and painting work, the author shows the panorama of the Romantic paintings thus prove the author's new idea on that basis, ie, the Romantic painting is a bridge between Classicism and Impressionism, which cannot be divided just because it opposes Classicism. The author analyses this historical phenomenon with dialectic attitude.In the third chapter, the author's thematic ideas of the author are discussed and proved with the examples of Beethoven and Goethe: Romanticism not only rebelled Classicism but also inherited Classicism.This dissertation tries to see through the essence through phenomenon. What trend of thoughts is hidden behind those valuable works? What kind of humanethoughts influenced the painters of that era? Through the layer-upon- layer in-depth way, the author's ideas which are different from the traditional opinions are discussed.