Roman Empire Education Policy Research

Being said ancient Greece the western educational cradle, ancient Rome was the mature field of the western education. Because republican period of Rome was still at the stage of absorb completely and imitate Greece, having no systematic education policy, so the writer will discuss the empire stage of the development and mature of education system in Roman Empire. The earlier Roman Empire was the prosperous period of Roman education in both of spirit and system. Although the later Roman Empire was the stage that classic education came down and severely perished, the empire ruler still concerned education, and established a few education policies to maintain the normal operation of education. The article will make a comprehensive analysis to the school educational policies, which successive emperors of Roman Empire had made, to systematically display the role of the government of Roman Empire in development of school education and research the power of government how to penetrate into the education.This article is divided into three sections, The first section comes to operation of the education policy of Rome Empire through analysis with overall investigation from both of macro and micro aspects. Speaking from the macro view, Romanization is the intelligent national policy that Roman practices, and also a valid education policy. The Rome ruler have already started this policy from the later republican period, the empire also has been carried on it. It not only made each race under the Roman rule, but also made them convert to themselves from the spirit, emotion. Speaking from the tiny view, Roman Empire promoted many educational policies of encouragements, and strengthened the intervention and the control of the schools and teachers. The first part, the writer will analyze and investigate the government's educational support, such as bestowing the teacher's privilege, implementing subsides to poor children and encouraging anestablishment municipal services school and allowing the private to open school, etc. And then, the article will analyze how the governments to interfere and control education, mainly from changing the ways that the teacher was appointed, giving the wages and the nominating number of teacher, and controlling the teaching course's etc. From above, we can get a conclusion: the republican Government ignored the education, letting it being, but the earlier empire handed over the authority to the local administration, which some important provinces shared in the priviledges, but in the later empire period, emperors withdrew the power into their own hands or the central government.The second part mainly analyze the reasons why the educational policies changed from propping up to interfering and controlling, mainly from transformation of the politics situation, the aggravation of economic situation and emperor's personal function. It is thus clear that, the educational policies are subjected to politics, economy and ruler, etc.The third part is the evaluation of educational policies of Rome Empire period. The article will analyze the educational policies from both the positive effect and the limits. Used the value of education policy of the education theory, the article will take the following four aspects: Firstly, it disseminated and extended roman culture, even the west civilization;Secondly, it had the enlightenment on the politics and provided the bureaucrats to the empire;The third, it adjusts to social benefits and combine both sides;The end lies on the humanism value in the aspects of educating. Because limitation of times and ranks, the defects of the Roman Empire's educational policies are also obvious, for example rank essence, being subjected to the restriction of' pragmatism, having no charge system, corporeal punishment widely accepted, lack of valuation's system etc.The end is the conclusion part. The education policies which Rome Empire made founded the educational administration system first, we must learn the government value education management, promoting society establish educational enthusiasm, raising teacher political and economic treatment,promoting a humanism education etc. Also, we must see its limit in the meantime, for example there is no the stipulation mechanism of reasonable charge system, discipline and evaluate system etc. These will be certain benefit to China nowadays whose education is developing rapidly, but not enough perfect.