.2-3 Year-old Children Attachment, Temperament Characteristics And Mother Attachment Relationship

Attachment is an emotional tie between infant and his caretaker, usually shows children's following, depending, and intimate behavior to their caretaker. If attachment begins to exist, it will keep stable and play an important role in children's social connection and emotional development. Temperament is the individual activities of the psychological characteristics of a stable force, mainly in the speed of emotional experience, strong or weak, and the performance of action implicit in the sensitive or insensitive, temperament as a result of the dynamic development of personality, has become a study of early human emotions and social development of the main factors. This phase of the 2-3-year-old child is in affective development, emotional differentiation of the critical period. If in this period, can provide child appropriate to the security of attachment training, not only helps to develop children's self-confidence and autonomy of the personality, but also can encourage child remain optimistic about the life, progressive attitude towards life, the child after the establishment of good interpersonal relationships and play a facilitating role in their mental health.In this study, chose 136 pairs child and their mother for the study, child' age is 2-3-year-old, and use of Experience in Close Relationship Questionnaire (ECR), Adult Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), Preschooler Attachment Scale, (PAS), and China Toddler Temperament Scale (CTTS) for the research tool, to explore the relationship among adult attachment, Characteristics of child care quality and infant attachment.This study reached the following conclusions:(1) Dimensions of child attachment, the score of the attachment-explore higher than the score of the smooth interaction, higher than the scores of social active. Girls in the attachment-explore and interact smoothly higher than the boys scored, boys in social active scored higher than girls.(2) Mother's attachment to the type of security mainly, the mother avoided the dimensions of the score is higher than that of the dimensions of anxiety in scoring, but different gender dimensions of child mothers in the attachment on the difference. Score close relationship between mother and child attachment of the security establishment was negatively correlated, it has higher score in ECR, and the lower safety attachment child has.(3) Child attachment with the mother's education level, the continued separation times that mother with their child and the attachment objects.(4) Distribution of child temperament has more E and I-E child, accounting for 74 percent of the total number, type of D and S of the child hasl3% and 15%, I-E child of the total number of 8%, and the boys more than the number of the girls.(5) Boys in levels of activity lever, rhythm, flexibility, mood and endurance temperament dimensions of the five scores higher than girls, approach-avoidance, response intensity, distraction and threshold of responsiveness which four dimensions scores of that girls higher than boys.(6) The mother's education level affect children's temperament characteristics, the levels of the mother's education have significant correlation with the children's flexibility and threshold of responsiveness. Except for the approach-avoidance, the mother's educations all influence on children's dimension of temperament, so the high education level of mothers that the more children have secure attachment.(7) Children's activity lever has positive correlation with the child's three dimension of attachment. The approach-avoidance has a significant negative correlation with children's social activists and smooth interaction, and mood has positive correlation with children's socially active and smooth interaction.(8) Children's approach-avoidance has positive correlation with the mother's anxiety dimensions, and negative correlation with the mother's avoid dimension. The distraction of child has positive correlation with the mother's anxiety dimensions.The results of this study indicate that:(1) In 2-3 years of age, girls than boys to have secure attachment.(2) Mother majority attachment types are security, and are similar to the western country's type of attachment.(3) Attachment transmission exists between mother and their child.(4) Mother's level of education, continued separation of child with their mother and the main targets of attachment have great influence role to the child attachment.(5) Child temperament has more E and I-E, gender different types of statistical significance. Child temperament dimensions of the nine are gender differences.(6) Mother's education level is one of the factors that impact of children's temperament characteristics.(7) Temperament not only influence the child attachment, but also influence the mother's lever of attachment, it's an important factor affecting the attachment...