On The Evolution Of Soviet Policy In The Chinese War Of Resistance Against Japan In The 1930s

The Japanese imperialists invaded and occupied Shenyang on September 18 in 1931. Immediately Japan's further invasion of North-Eastern China drew the Chinese nation to great menace. This incident not only shook the whole China, but also the whole world. Each country made varied reactions to the Japanese invasion. The Soviet Union was situated in the North-East region of Asia, also an important neighbouring country of China, so we should look into the causes why the Soviet Union carried out different policies towards China in the 1930s.Before the incident of Japanese invasion on September 18, the ralationship between the Soviet Union, China and Japan is intricate. The Soviet Union and China declared break off diplomatic relations by the incident of Chinese-Eastern Railway. With the incident of September 18, the government of the Soviet Union and China began to understand that the most menace to them is Japanese* imperialism. In fact, Japan want to make use of North-east of China as a bridgehead to invade the Soviet Union, so the confrontation between the Soviet Union and Japan is shaping up.Under such situation, after the incident of Japanese invasion on September 18, the Soviet Union carried out the noninterference policy towards China. There are four reasons, firstly, from the situation of the Soviet Union at that time, the noninterference policy accord with the strategy profit of the country. Secondly, the incident of September 18 in 1931 hadn't influence the profit of the Soviet Union straightly. Thirdly, the national economic strength of the Soviet Union was not powerful at that time, especially in the Far-east region. This situation directly affected the defence capability of the Soviet Union in the Far-east region. Fourthly, the Soviet Union joined the Anti-war Convention at that time. If the Soviet Union carry out the interference policy to the incident, Japan probably launched invasion war to the Soviet Union. Considering these factors, the Soviet Union carried out the neutral policy of noninterference to this incident. But we must point out that the noninterference policy damaged the interests of China seriously.With Japan's further invasion on July 7, 1937, the policy of the Soviet Union towards China changed a lot. From the incident of July 7 in 1937 to the Soviet Union-Germany war in 1941, the Soviet Union carried out the assistance policy towards China. The main reason is that Japanese invasion had greatly threatened the security of the Soviet Union. Japan worked out a battle plan at the same time, planning to invade the Soviet Union. In order to avoid fighting on both sides, the Soviet Union carried out the assistance policy towards China, including moral support, provide a loan, goods and materials aid, personnel and technology aid. The aim of the Soviet Union carry out assistance policy towards China is to avoid the Soviet Union-Japan war, the Soviet Union hope to use this way to wear down the enemy's effective strength, and try best to stall the war between the Soviet Union and Japan.In recent years, many researchers hold heated dispute in how to evaluate the policy of the Soviet Union towards China. I think the evaluation should be divided by the year of 1937. The policy of the Soviet Union before 1937 is negative, and should be denied. The policy of the Soviet Union after 1937 is positive, and it's great significance should be affirmed. People should give a fair and rational evaluation to the policy of the Soviet Union towards China.